MODULE 8. NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND DISORDERS Flashcards
define homeostasis
the process by which the body maintains a constant internals environment
why is homeostasis important
as many reactions inside the body only work under certain conditions, regardless of a changing outside environment
what is the stimulus and response model
the body’s way of detecting change in its external or internal environment and reacting accordingly
what is the two stages in homeostasis
detecting changes
counteracting changes
what is the control centre in the body
hypothamolus and spine
what is the control centre responsible for in the body
The control centre (brain (hypothamolus) and spine) is responsible for maintain fluctuations around the set point, receives information from the receptors about a change in a condition either too far above or below the set point
definition thermoregulation
the internal regulation of an animals body temperature
is endotherms warm or cold blooded?
warm
e.g. endotherms
humans
endotherms
Largely create our heat by adjusting processes in our bodies
o Rely mainly on physiological sources
is endotherms warm or cold blooded?
cold
what do endotherms reply on
Rely on external sources of temperature to heat up or cool down
o Depend solely on the environment
e.g. ectotherms
lizards
how does glucose provide energy
- food broken down
- release glucose that passes through the small intestine and into the blood stream
- glucose gets respired by cells where it is broken down into ATP
what happens if glucose moves outside of a healthy ranmge
it will trigger a homeostatic response to maintain a constant internal environment
when is a person likely to suffer from hypoglycaemia
after exercise
what is blood glucose levels monitored by
pancreas
what hormone is released when BGL is low
glucagon
what is glucagon
peptide hormone released by alpha cells that help increase BGL
what hormone is released when BGL is high
insulin
what is insulin
peptide hormone released by beta cells that help decrease BGL
what does the nervous system allow for
the nervous system allows organism to take information from the environment and respond by passing information around the body through a network of neural pathways
what does the central nervous system do
coordinates/gathers information from all over the body and coordinates
What does the peripheral nervous system
the neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body