Module #8: Molecular Structure Flashcards
Octet Rule
Most atoms strive to attain eight valence electrons
Ion
An atom that has gained or lost electrons and thus has become electrically charged
Ionization
The process by which an atom turns into an ion by gaining or losing electrons
Ionization potential
The amount of energy needed in order to take an electron away from an atom
Periodic property
A characteristic of atoms that varies regularly across the periodic chart
Electronegativity
A measure of how strongly an atom attracts extra electrons to itself
Valence Electrons
The electrons that exist farthest from an atom’s nucleus. They are generally the electrons with the highest energy level number
Covalent Bond
A shared pair of valence electrons that holds atoms together in covalent compounds
An atom’s chemistry is mostly determined by what?
The number of valence electrons it has
Atoms in the same column of the periodic chart have the same what?
The same number of valence electrons and thus have very similar chemistry
For atoms 1A - 8A the number of the column in which an atom is located on the periodic chart equals the number of what?
Valence electrons the atom has
In ionic compounds, what do non metals do?
They try to gain electrons so hat their Lewis structure has eight dots around it
In ionic compounds, what do metals do?
They try to lose electrons so that their Lewis structure has no dots around it.
Positive ions have the same name as what atom? What name do negative ions have?
The atom from which they came. Negative ions have an “ide” suffix added to the name of the atom from which they came
In general, does the ionization potential of atoms increase or decrease from left to right on the periodic chart?
In general, the ionization potential increases from left to right on the periodic chart
