Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics > Module 8 : Hemodynamics > Flashcards

Module 8 : Hemodynamics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

what is hemodynamics

A
  • study of blood flow in the circulatory system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the circulatory system comprised of and what type of circuit is it

A
  • closed circuit

- heart, arteries, capillaries, veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the venous heart

A
  • contracting muscles that help pump blood back to the heart especially in the lower extremity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is blood composed of

A
  • plasma
  • erythrocytes
  • leukocytes
  • platelets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the hematocrit

A
  • the amount of blood that is made up by cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in which portion of the circulatory system is the most blood contained

A
  • veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of flow is seen in the capillaries

A
  • low volume and velocity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is required for any fluid to flow

A
  • pressure different / gradient
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what results from an increase in the pressure

A
  • increased flow rate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a pressure gradient

A
  • pressure difference divided by the distance between two pressure locations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the volume flow rate

A
  • volume of blood passing a point per unit time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happens to the volume flow rate if the pressure gradient increases

A
  • flow increases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens to volume flow rate is the resistance increases

A
  • flow decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is pouselles equation for resistance

A
  • R = 8 x length x viscosity / ii x radius ^4
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what will increase resistance to flow

A
  • longer length
  • increased viscosity
  • decreased radius
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what factor will have the greatest effect on the resistance to flow

A
  • change in radius because of exponent
17
Q

what are the 5 different flow patterns

A
  • plug
  • laminar
  • jet
  • disturbed
  • turbulent
18
Q

characteristics of plug flow

A
  • seen at opening of large vessels

- all RBCs travelling at same velocity

19
Q

characteristics of laminar parabolic flow

A
  • most common

- RBC move in concentric layers with the ones at the centre moving the fastest

20
Q

characteristics of jet flow

A
  • seen when there is significant reduction in diameter

- velocities within narrowing are the fastest

21
Q

characteristics of disturbed flow

A
  • occur naturally with tapering curves and bif

- not all layers moving in laminar fashion

22
Q

characteristics of turbulent flow

A
  • type of flow just past stenosis
  • flow velocities vary in velocity and direction
  • not normal except near the heart
23
Q

what is Reynolds number

A
  • can predict the onset of turbulence in a vessel
24
Q

what is the number that must be exceeded for turbulence to occur

A
  • 2000
25
Q

what is the continuity rule

A
  • in the presence of a stenosis the volume of flow must stay the same proximal, within and distal to stenosis
26
Q

what must happen to the velocity of blood is a stenosis reduced the vessel diameter to less than 50%

A
  • velocity must double within stenosis
27
Q

what is Bernoulli describing

A
  • pressure and energy must also remain the same through a vessel with a. stenosis
28
Q

what is Bernoulli’s principle

A
  • at a stenosis a pressure drop is necessary for the fluid to accelerate through the stenosis and decelerate past stenosis
  • pressure/ potential energy is converted to kinetic energy at the stenosis then back to potenital after stenosis
29
Q

what is the simplified Bernoulli equation

A
  • P = 4(v^2)
30
Q

what is tardus parvus flow

A
  • flow afer a stenosis where there is a drop in acceleration time and PSV
  • stenosis detracts from pressure gradient that was created by the heart
31
Q

what is the windkessel effect

A
  • continued forward flow in diastole because of the elasticity of the vessel walls contracting to its original diameter
32
Q

what can cause flow reversal in the vessels other than disease

A
  • the pressure wave along the walls of the vessel travels faster than the blood
  • when wave reaches en dog arterial system there is a reflected wave that causes the vessel to expand and contract against blood flow

Physics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions