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ahs 2013 medical terminoogy > module 8 female reproductive system > Flashcards

module 8 female reproductive system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amnion

A

The innermost extraembryonic membrane

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2
Q

Areola

A

The pigmented circular area surrounding the nipple of each breast

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3
Q

Bartholin glands

A

Two small mucus-secreting glands located on the posterior and lateral aspect of the vestibule of the vagina

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4
Q

Cervix

A

The part of the uterus that protrudes into the cavity of the vagina

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5
Q

Chorion

A

The outermost extraembryonic membrane

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6
Q

Cul-de-sac

A

A pouch formed by the parietal peritoneum between the uterus and the rectum

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7
Q

Endometrium

A

The inner lining of the uterus, composed of mucous membrane

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8
Q

Estrogen

A

A hormonal steroid compound that promotes the development of femal secondary sex characteristics

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9
Q

Fallopian tube

A

One of a pair of ducts opening at one end into the uterus and at the other end into the peritoneal cavity, over the ovary

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10
Q

Fertilization

A

The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote from which the embryo develops

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11
Q

Fetus

A

Unborn offspring from the ninth week after fertilization until birth

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12
Q

Fimbriae

A

Branched fingerlike projections at the distal end of each fallopian tube

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13
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone

A

A gonadotropin secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth and maturation of graafian follicles in the ovary in the female and promotes spermatogenesis in the male

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14
Q

Fundus of the uterus

A

The portion of the uterus farthest from the cervical opening

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15
Q

Gestation, pregnancy

A

The process of growth and development within a woman of a new individual, from conception to birth

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16
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin

A

A chemical component of the urine of pregnant women

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17
Q

Hymen

A

A fold of mucus membrane, skin, and fibrous tissue that covers the introitus of the vagina

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18
Q

Labia majora

A

Two long lips of skin, one on each side of the vaginal orifice, outside the labia minora

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19
Q

Labia minora

A

Two thin folds of skin between the labia majora, extending from the clitoris backward on both sides of the vaginal orifice, ending between it and the labia majora

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20
Q

Lactation

A

The process of synthesis and secretion of milk from the breasts in the nourishment of an infant or child

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21
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

A glycoprotein hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland

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22
Q

Menarche

A

The first menstruation and the commencement of cyclic menstrual function

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23
Q

Menopause

A

The cessation of menses

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24
Q

Menstruation

A

The periodic discharge through the vagina of a bloody secretion containing tissue debris from the shedding of the endometrium from the nonpregnant uterus

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25
Q

Multigravida

A

A woman who has been pregnant more than once

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26
Q

Myometrium

A

The muscular layer of the wall of the uterus

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27
Q

Nullipara

A

A woman who has not given birth to a viable infant

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28
Q

Ovary

A

One of the paired female gonads found on each side of the lower abdomen, beside the uterus

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29
Q

Ovulation

A

Expulsion of an ovum from the ovary on spontaneous rupture of a mature follicle

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30
Q

Ovum

A

The secondary oocyte (female germ cell) extruded from the ovary at ovulation

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31
Q

Parturition

A

The process of giving birth

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32
Q

Perineum

A

The region between the thighs, bounded in the male by the scrotum and anus and in the female by the vulva and anus

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33
Q

Placenta

A

A highly vascular fetal organ that exchanges with the maternal circulation, mainly by diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances

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34
Q

Primigravida

A

A woman who is pregnant for the first time

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35
Q

Progesterone

A

A natural progestational hormone that regulates the inner lining of the uterus to be able to accept a fertilized egg for implantation

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36
Q

Uterus

A

The hollow, pear-shaped internal female organ of reproduction in which the fertilized egg is planted and the fetus develops and from which the menses flows

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37
Q

Vagina

A

The part of the female genitalia that forms a canal from the orifice through the vestibule to the uterine cervix

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38
Q

Vulva

A

The external genitalia of the female

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39
Q

Zygote

A

The combined cell produced by the union of a sperm pronucleus and an egg pronucleus at the completion of fertilization until the first cleavage

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40
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Premature separation of a placenta implanted in normal position in a pregnancy of 20 weeks or more or during labor before delivery of the fetus

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41
Q

Amenorrhea

A

The absence of menstruation

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42
Q

Cervical dysplasia

A

Abnormal tissue development of the uterine cervix with atypical epithelium

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43
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Pain associated with menstruation

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44
Q

Dyspareunia

A

Abnormal pain during intercourse

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45
Q

Dystocia

A

Pathological or difficult labor

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46
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

An abnormal pregnancy in which the conceptus implants outside the uterine cavity

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47
Q

Endometriosis

A

An abnormal gynecological condition characterized by ectopic growth and function of endometrial tissue

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48
Q

Fibrocystic breast disease

A

The presence of single or multiple cysts that are palpable in the breasts

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49
Q

Galactorrhea

A

Lactation not associated with childbirth or nursing

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50
Q

Gestation

A

The period from the fertilization of the ovum until birth

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51
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Abnormal enlargement of one or both breasts in males

52
Q

Human papillomavirus

A

A virus that is the cause of common warts of the hands and feet, as well as lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal, and genital cavities

53
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranial vault and subsequent dilation of the ventricles

54
Q

Leukorrhea

A

A white discharge from the vagina

55
Q

Menometrorrhagia

A

Excessive menstrual and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation

56
Q

Menorrhea

A

The normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterus

57
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Abnormally heavy or long periods

58
Q

Metrorrhagia

A

Uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation

59
Q

Oligomenorrhea

A

Abnormally light or reduced menstruation

60
Q

Pyosalpinx

A

An accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube

61
Q

Uterine prolapse

A

The falling, sinking, or sliding of the uterus from its normal location in the body

62
Q

Amniocentesis

A

An obstetric procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is removed for laboratory analysis

63
Q

Apgar score

A

An evaluation of a newborn’s physical condition

64
Q

Cesarean section

A

A surgical procedure in which the abdomen and uterus are incised and a baby is delivered transabdominally

65
Q

Chorionic villus sampling

A

The sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects

66
Q

Colposcopy

A

An examination of the vagina and cervix with the use of an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope)

67
Q

Culdocentesis

A

The use of needle puncture or incision through the vagina to remove intraperitoneal fluid, including purulent material

68
Q

Dilation and curettage

A

Widening of the uterine cervix and scraping of the endometrium of the uterus

69
Q

Episiotomy

A

A surgical procedure in which an incision is made in a woman’s perineum to enlarge her vaginal opening for delivery

70
Q

Exenteration

A

Surgical removal of all of the inner organs

71
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the uterus

72
Q

Hysterosalpingography

A

A method of producing radiographic images of the uterus and fallopian tubes as part of the diagnosis of abnormalities in the reproductive tract of a nonpregnant woman

73
Q

Hysteroscopy

A

Direct visual inspection of the cervical canal and uterine cavity through a hysteroscope

74
Q

Leiomyoma

A

A benign neoplasm of the smooth muscle of the uterus

75
Q

Mammography

A

The radiographic examination of the soft tissues of the breast

76
Q

Mammoplasty

A

Plastic reshaping of the breasts

77
Q

Mastectomy

A

The surgical removal of one or both breasts

78
Q

Oophorectomy

A

The surgical removal of one or both ovaries

79
Q

Pap test

A

Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix

80
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Any inflammatory condition of the female pelvic organs, especially one caused by bacterial infection

81
Q

Pelvimetry

A

The measurement of the dimensions and capacity of the pelvis, as by x-ray, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging

82
Q

Placenta previa

A

Condition in which the placenta is implanted abnormally in the uterus so it impinges on or covers the internal os of the uterine cervix

83
Q

Preeclampsia

A

An abnormal condition of pregnancy characterized by the onset of acute hypertension after the 24th week of gestation

84
Q

Salpingectomy

A

Surgical removal of one or both fallopian tubes

85
Q

Tubal ligation

A

One of several sterilization procedures in which both fallopian tubes are blocked to prevent conception from occurring

86
Q

FSH

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

87
Q

G

A

Gravida (pregnant)

88
Q

hCG

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

89
Q

HPV

A

Human papillomavirus

90
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

91
Q

HSG

A

Hysterosalgingography

92
Q

IUD

A

Intrauterine device

93
Q

IVF

A

In vitro fertilization

94
Q

LEEP

A

Loop electrocautery excision procedure

95
Q

AFP

A

Alpha-fetoprotein

96
Q

BSE

A

Breast self-examination

97
Q

D&C

A

Dilation and curettage

98
Q

FHR

A

Fetal heart rate

99
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone

100
Q

LMP

A

Last menstrual period

101
Q

Pap test

A

Test for cervical or vaginal cancer

102
Q

PID

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

103
Q

PMS

A

Premenstrual syndrome

104
Q

TAH-BSO

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

105
Q

UAE

A

Uterine artery embolization

106
Q

O/o, ov/o, ovul/o

A

Egg

107
Q

Oophor/o, ovari/o

A

Ovary

108
Q

-tocia

A

Labor, birthing

109
Q

chori/o, chorion/o

A

Chorion

110
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion

111
Q

Colp/o, vagin/o

A

Vagina

112
Q

Episi/o, vulv/o

A

Vulva

113
Q

Cervic/o

A

Cervix; neck

114
Q

Culd/o

A

Cul-de-sac

115
Q

Galact/o, lact/o

A

Milk

116
Q

Gynec/o

A

Woman, female

117
Q

Mamm/o, mast/o

A

Breast

118
Q

Hyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, uter/o

A

Uterus

119
Q

Men/o

A

Menses, menstruation

120
Q

Salping/o, -salpinx

A

Fallopian tube

121
Q

-cyesis

A

Pregnancy

122
Q

-gravida

A

Pregnant woman with (specified) number of pregnancies

123
Q

Dys-

A

Difficult, painful

124
Q

Multi-

A

Many

125
Q

Nulli-

A

None

126
Q

Endo-

A

Within

127
Q

Primi-

A

First

ahs 2013 medical terminoogy (1 decks)

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