Module 8 (Don't Fall Asleep) Flashcards
Who was Charles Grandison Finney?
A very well-known preacher like Billy Graham. He was well known for having revivals and yelling at people to repent. He was the most famous preacher of his time. He was a key part of an overall era of reform that started in the 1830s that included women’s rights and abolition.
What is a revival?
An emotional meeting designed to awaken religious faith through impassioned preaching and prayer. Lasted five days. People read the bible and examined their souls.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
He left his protestant ministry to become a Transcendentalist. His wife died of tuberculosis. He believed that each person had it in themselves to make the world a better place.
Civil Disobedience
When you simply disobeyed the laws that you did not believe in and instead of protesting in violence you should protest in peace. Henry David Thoreau believed in this.
Utopian Communities
Experimental communities tried to create “utopias” or perfect places, in which to live. During the 1800s, more than 90 utopian societies were established in the United States States.
Shakers
A group of people that did not believe in marrying or having children.
Horace Mann
Horace Mann was the father of public education. Established curriculum and graded schools (1st grade 2 grade). From Massachacuets.
Doretha Dix
She believed in reforming prisons and asylums. In 1843 she sent a report of her findings to the Massachusetts legislature, who in turn passed legislation to improve the conditions of the mentally ill. By 1880 more than 100 mental institutes were being operated in the United States.
Transcendentalism
Transcendentalism was a philisphocal and literary movement that empathized living a simple life. In these people’s lives, they celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imagination.
Second Great Awakening
This swept the United States after 1790. Finney was a part of this awakening. The preachers that were a part of this awakening rejected the 18-century belief that God predetermined one’s salvation or damnation. They emphasized individual responsibility for salvation.
Henry David Thoreau
Thoreau was a friend of Emmerson. He believed that people should practice civil disobedience. Thoreau didn’t want to support the U.S. government which allowed slavery and the war with Mexico. He refused to pay his taxes because of this and thus went to jail. He also wrote an essay titled “civil disobedience” where he urged people to act according to their own beliefs if it meant breaking the law. This novel inspired reformers such as some civil rights leaders that fought for equality for Black Americans.
Lyman Beecher
Lyman Beecher was an evangelical reformer who believed in reforming the individual in order to reform the country. He was an important role in the abolitionist movement. He was a temperance activist. In 1825 he lectured against all use of liquor.
How did the Second Great Awakening help form new religious denominations?
The awakening cause formed new ideas in the hearts of Americans. People that wanted change in their government, flocked to new churches in high numbers. Those that couldn’t find a church that fits their specific belief formed their own church. Christian churches across the country split into various denominations.
Abolition
The call to outlaw slavery.
William Llyod Garrison
A very radical white abolitionist. He was very active in the religious reform movements in Massachusetts. He wrote a paper called the Liberator in 1831. In this paper, he delivered the message of immediate emancipation - the freeing of slaves. Garrison founded the New England Anti - Slavery Society in 1832 which went on the be the American anti-slavery society. The AASS had about 175,000 members. 3 out of 4 members of the AASS were Black.
