Module 8

Question 1

What is homeostasis

Answer 1

Process of maintaining control, balanced coordination in an organism.

Question 2

2 stages of homeostasis

Answer 2

1. Detecting changes from the stable state
2. Contracting changes from the stable state.

Question 3

2 feedback systems to maintain homeostasis

Answer 3

Positive: increase/reinforce initial change to cause great deviation from the set value.
Negative: Counteract change to return to set value - most common.

Question 4

What are chemoreceptors

Answer 4

Changes concentration of blood chemicals: glucose, amino acids, CO2, oxygen and dissolved ions.

Question 5

Thermoreceptors

Answer 5

Stimulated by Temperature changes

Question 6

Photoreceptors

Answer 6

Stimulated by light

Question 7

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 7

Stimulated by pressure, gravity and sound.

Question 8

Central nervous system

Answer 8

CNS composes the brain and spinal cord connection for signal transmission.

Question 9

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 9

PNS carries info to and from the CNS, info carried holds messages transmitted in the form of electro-chemical impulses.

Question 10

Cerebrum

Answer 10

Coordinates movement, thinking, emotions and regulates body temp.

Question 11

Midbrain

Answer 11

Relay system to transmit info necessary for our 5 senses, motor skills and sleep cycle.

Question 12

Thalamus

Answer 12

All info from body senses is processed her before reaching the cerebral cortex.

Question 13

Hypothalamus

Answer 13

Manages body temp, hunger, thirst, mood, blood pressure and sleep.

Question 14

Parts of the ear

Answer 14

Pinna, cochlear, organ of Corti, auditory nerve, tympanic membrane.

Question 15

Parts of the eye

Answer 15

Retina, iris, aqueous humour, cornea, optic nerve, ciliary body, lens, vitreous humour

Question 16

Parts of the kidney - renal cortex

Answer 16

Glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, proximal tubule.

Question 17

Parts of the kidney - outer medulla

Answer 17

Descending loop of henle, thick region of the ascending loop.

Question 18

Parts of the kidney - inner medulla

Answer 18

Collecting duct, thin region of ascending loop.

Question 19

Assistive technology for ears

Answer 19

Hearing aids and cochlear implants / bionic ears.

Question 20

Eye diseases

Answer 20

Myopia: short sightedness from the eye ball being too long - light retracts from the front.

Hyperopia: long sightedness from a short eye ball, light retracts too far in the eye.

Question 21

Kidney diseases

Answer 21

High blood pressure: Aldosterone over load damages the glomerulus lowering nephron capabilities.

Kidney stones: formed from long-term salt diets with pressured urine that damages nephrons.