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module 8 > module 8 > Flashcards

module 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the organs of the cardiovascular system?

A

heart and blood vessels

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2
Q

blood vessels that take blood away from the heart, under high pressure

A

arteries

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3
Q

blood vessels that take blood toward the heart, under no/low pressure and they are made up of valves to keep blood moving

A

veins

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4
Q

smallest blood vessel in the body, they are the site of nutrient and gas exchange.

A

capillary

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5
Q

how does veins keep blood moving against gravity back to the heart?

A

valves and skeletal muscles contractions

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6
Q

what are the contents of blood?

A

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

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7
Q

liquid component of blood, contains water, nutrients, waste products, hormones and ions/proteins

A

plasma

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8
Q

biconcave cells filled with hemoglobin, transports oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood stream

A

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

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9
Q

cells that have 5 different types the help fight off infection and repair injured tissue

A

white blood cells (leukocytes)

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10
Q

fragments of megalargocytes and function to form platelet plugs in blood clotting

A

platelets

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11
Q

the 2 top chambers of the heart

A

atria

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12
Q

the bottom 2 chambers of the heart

A

ventricles

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13
Q

these valves keep blood moving keep blood in one direction in the heart, from the atria to the ventricles

A

AV valves

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14
Q

closing of the av valve makes what kind of sound?

A

lub sound

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15
Q

closing of the semilunar valves creates the second heart sound?

A

dub

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16
Q

the heart has inherent contractility, the heart makes the heart beat not the brain, the brain can speed it up or slow it down. cells in the right atrium comprise the pacemaker of the heart.

A

cardiac conduction system

17
Q

what is normal heart rhythm?

A

60-90 beats per minute at rest

18
Q

(1)the RIGHT side of the heart receives the DEOXYGENATED blood returning from the body. (2) blood enters the vena cava, it moves from right atria through the right atrioventricular valve.(3) then into the right ventricle through the pulmonary seminar lunar valve into the pulmonary trunk on its way to the LUNGS.

A

pulmonary circuit

19
Q

the left side of the heart receives OXYGENATED blood returning from the lungs

A

systemic circuit

20
Q

a disease of heart or blood vessels or both

A

cardiovascular disease

21
Q

begins with fatty streaks that thicken the wall of a blood vessel, these streaks are composed of lipids and cholesterol and white blood cells

A

atherosclerosis

22
Q

how does atherosclerosis lead to a heart attack?

A

the fatty streaks build up over time creating plaque, plaque in the coronary arteries result in a heart attack

23
Q

what is sustained elevated blood pressure?

A

hypertension

24
Q

the pressure of contraction, the force of blood leaving the ventricles and pressing against artery walls( numerator)

A

systolic pressure

25
Q

the pressure of ventricular relaxation ( demonaitor)

A

diastolic pressure

26
Q

is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure felt through an artery (normal is 120/80)

A

pulse

27
Q

why is hypertension dangerous?

A

it can put pressure on artery walls and cause small tears and build up of plaque

28
Q

genetics, family history, older age, being african american and male

A

uncontrollable risks for CVD

29
Q

low physical activity, eating high salt diet, being overweight, stress, too much alcohol

A

controllable risk factors for CVD

30
Q

low density lipoproteins “lethal”( saturated fats meat butter and cheese)

A

LDL

31
Q

high density lipoprotein (healthy)(unsaturated fats, olive oil, fish, nuts)

A

HDL

32
Q

the pulmonary circuit of the heart carries blood from the … side of the heart to the …

A

right ; lungs

33
Q

right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium

A

pulmonary circuit

34
Q

left side of the heart> body> right side of the heart> lungs

A

blood flows through the cardiovascular system

35
Q

blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the …

A

left atrium

36
Q

deoxygenated blood returning from the brain will first enter into the … of the heart

A

right atrium

module 8 (2 decks)

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