Module 8 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is Isometric Contraction
No movement take place, load on the muscle exceeds the tension generated by the contracting muscle
Ex. Pulling up on a stationary desk
What is Concentric Contraction
Muscle shortens against an opposing load
Ex. Bicep Curl
What is Eccentric Contraction
Muscle lengthens as it resists a load
The initiation of movement is controlled by
Concentric Contraction
Origin and insertion approximate during contraction
The control of movement is by
Eccentric Contraction
Origin and insertion separate during contraction
Extension
Initiation:
Control:
Limitation:
Initiation: Erector Spinae
Control: Abdominals
Limitation: 1) bony impactions (SPs, facets), 2) Ligaments (ALL)
Flexion
Initiation:
Control:
Limitation
Initiation: Iliopsoas (femur fixed); abdominals (pelvis fixed)
Control: Gluteus Maximus and hamstrings then erector spinae
Limitation: 1) Facet joint and capsule 2) disc and ligamentous (LF, PLL, interspinous ligaments)
Lateral Flexion
Initiation:
Control:
Limitation:
Initiation: Ipsilateral Quadratus Lumborum
Control: Contralateral quadratus lumborum and contralateral psoas major
Limitation: Ipsilateral facet impaction, contralateral facet capsule, LF, intertransverse ligaments
Rotation
Initiation:
Control:
Limitation:
Initiation: concentric contraction of contralateral external abdominal obliques, multifidi, and rotatores
Control: eccentric contraction of ipsilateral multifidi and rotatores
Limitation: 1) shape and orientation of facets, facet capsules, and interspinous ligaments; 2) Disc (annulus)
What is the agonist
Muscle that is the prime mover
What is the antagonist
Stabilizer, allows extremity to return to normal position
What are synergists
Help agonists with desired motion
What are stabilisers
Maintain body position to allow motion to occur
If agonist and antagonist opposite (contract, relax)
movement occurs
If agonist and antagonist both contract
no movement occurs
What are some agonist/ antagonist pairs/
- Bicep/ Triceps
- Abdominals/ spinal erectors
- Quadriceps/ hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius/ Tibialis anterior
What is Sherrington’s Law
Law of reciprocal inhibition
When contraction of a muscle is stimulated there is simultaneous inhibition of its antagonist
What is hypertonicity?
Tightness in muscle
Varies between patients
Compare bilaterally and check ROM
If we have tight/overactive muscle and weak/inhibited muscles which do we treat
Both
