Module 7 - Head, Face, Neck and EENT Assessment

Question 1

bleeding into the periosteum during birth is known as

Answer 1

cephalhematoma: a subperiosteal hemorrhage resulting from birth trauma

Question 2

craniosynostosis is a severe deformity caused by

Answer 2

premature closure of sutures, resulting in long, narrow head

Question 3

narrow palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds and midfacial hypoplasis are characterisitcs of

Answer 3

fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 4

kyphosis of the spine is common with aging. To compensate, older adults will

Answer 4

extend their heads and jaws forward

Question 5

which of the following statements related to aggravating symptoms or triggers of headaches if accurate?

Answer 5

alcohol consumption may precipitate the onset of cluster or migraine headaches

Question 6

most facial bones articulate at a suture. Which facial bone articulates at a joint

Answer 6

mandible: artriculates at the temporomandibular joint, moving up and down and sideways

Question 7

a severe deficiency of thyroid hormone leading to nonpitting edema, coarse facial features, dry skin and dry coarse facial features, dry skin and dry course hair is known as

Answer 7

Myxedema (hypothyroidism)

Question 8

Binaural interaction at the level of brain stem permits

Answer 8

identification and location of the direction of the sound

Question 9

what behaviours by an individual may be indicative of hearing loss?

Answer 9

frequently asking to have questions or statements repeated

Question 10

who would be at risk of recurrent otitis media (OM)

Answer 10

an 18 month old infant who has had three episodes of ear infections in a 5 month period

Question 11

the external structure of the ear is identified as the

Answer 11

auricle

Question 12

the labyrinth of the inner ear is responsible for maintaining the body’s

Answer 12

equilibruim

Question 13

when an otoscope examination is performed on an older adult, the tympanic membrane may be

Answer 13

whiter than that of a younger adult

Question 14

what test provides a precise quantitaive measure of hearing?

Answer 14

audiometer test: assesses the person’s ability to hear sounds of varying frequency

Question 15

the position of the tympanic membrane in the neonate is more horizontal, causing what issue?

Answer 15

making it more difficult to visualize with the otoscope

Question 16

the tympanic membrane of a child with acute OM would be

Answer 16

bulging with a distinct red colour

Question 17

if the tympanic membrane has white, dense areas the examiner suspects

Answer 17

scarring from recurrent ear infections

Question 18

the keisselbach’s plexus is what?

Answer 18

most common site of nosebleeds

Question 19

Bells palsy (left sided)

Answer 19

a lower motor neuron lesion producing cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) paralysis, which is almost always unilateral. Rapid onset, majority of cases are thought to be caused by herpes simplex.

Question 20

Parkinson’s syndrome

Answer 20

deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine and degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain. The immobility of features produces a face that is flat and expression less “masklike” with elevated eyebrows, staring gaze, oil skin and drooling.

Question 21

Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 21

with excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and chronic steriod use, the person develops a plethoric, rounded, moonlike face, prominent jowls, red cheeks, hirsutism on the upper lip, lower cheeks, and chin and acneiform rash on the chest

Question 22

Stroke/ CVA

Answer 22

upper motor neuron lesion. A stroke is an acute neurological deficit caused by an obstruction of cerebral vessek, as in atherosclerosis or a rupture in a cerebral vessel. Note paralysis of lower facial muscles, but also note that the upper half of face is not affected because of the intact nerve from the unaffected hemisphere. The person is still able to wrinkle the forehead and close the eyes

Question 23

hyperthyroidism

Answer 23

Goitre is an increase in the zie of the thyroid gland and occurs with hyperthyroidism, hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism , manifested by goitre and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs). Symptoms include nervousness, fatigue, weightloss, muscle cramps, and heat intolerance; signs include tachycardia, shortness of breath, excessive sweating, fine muscle tremor, thin silky hair and skin, infrequent blinking and a staring appearance