Module 7 - Head, Face, Neck and EENT Assessment Flashcards
bleeding into the periosteum during birth is known as
cephalhematoma: a subperiosteal hemorrhage resulting from birth trauma
craniosynostosis is a severe deformity caused by
premature closure of sutures, resulting in long, narrow head
narrow palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds and midfacial hypoplasis are characterisitcs of
fetal alcohol syndrome
kyphosis of the spine is common with aging. To compensate, older adults will
extend their heads and jaws forward
which of the following statements related to aggravating symptoms or triggers of headaches if accurate?
alcohol consumption may precipitate the onset of cluster or migraine headaches
most facial bones articulate at a suture. Which facial bone articulates at a joint
mandible: artriculates at the temporomandibular joint, moving up and down and sideways
a severe deficiency of thyroid hormone leading to nonpitting edema, coarse facial features, dry skin and dry coarse facial features, dry skin and dry course hair is known as
Myxedema (hypothyroidism)
Binaural interaction at the level of brain stem permits
identification and location of the direction of the sound
what behaviours by an individual may be indicative of hearing loss?
frequently asking to have questions or statements repeated
who would be at risk of recurrent otitis media (OM)
an 18 month old infant who has had three episodes of ear infections in a 5 month period
the external structure of the ear is identified as the
auricle
the labyrinth of the inner ear is responsible for maintaining the body’s
equilibruim
when an otoscope examination is performed on an older adult, the tympanic membrane may be
whiter than that of a younger adult
what test provides a precise quantitaive measure of hearing?
audiometer test: assesses the person’s ability to hear sounds of varying frequency
the position of the tympanic membrane in the neonate is more horizontal, causing what issue?
making it more difficult to visualize with the otoscope
the tympanic membrane of a child with acute OM would be
bulging with a distinct red colour
if the tympanic membrane has white, dense areas the examiner suspects
scarring from recurrent ear infections
the keisselbach’s plexus is what?
most common site of nosebleeds
Bells palsy (left sided)
a lower motor neuron lesion producing cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) paralysis, which is almost always unilateral. Rapid onset, majority of cases are thought to be caused by herpes simplex.
Parkinson’s syndrome
deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine and degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain. The immobility of features produces a face that is flat and expression less “masklike” with elevated eyebrows, staring gaze, oil skin and drooling.
Cushing’s syndrome
with excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and chronic steriod use, the person develops a plethoric, rounded, moonlike face, prominent jowls, red cheeks, hirsutism on the upper lip, lower cheeks, and chin and acneiform rash on the chest
Stroke/ CVA
upper motor neuron lesion. A stroke is an acute neurological deficit caused by an obstruction of cerebral vessek, as in atherosclerosis or a rupture in a cerebral vessel. Note paralysis of lower facial muscles, but also note that the upper half of face is not affected because of the intact nerve from the unaffected hemisphere. The person is still able to wrinkle the forehead and close the eyes
hyperthyroidism
Goitre is an increase in the zie of the thyroid gland and occurs with hyperthyroidism, hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism , manifested by goitre and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs). Symptoms include nervousness, fatigue, weightloss, muscle cramps, and heat intolerance; signs include tachycardia, shortness of breath, excessive sweating, fine muscle tremor, thin silky hair and skin, infrequent blinking and a staring appearance
