Module 7 Diabetes, thyroid Flashcards
Diabetes is the leading cause of what 3 things?
adult blindness
kidney disease
non-traumatic amputations
How is diabetes diagnosed?
one of 4 ways:
fasting plasma gucose (FPG) of =/> 126mg/dl
random plasma glucose =/>200mg/dl with sx
oral glucose tolerance test with BG =/>200mg/dl
Hb A1c > 6.5%
What classifies someone with pre-diabetes?
blood sugar level of 140-200mg/dl following an oral glucose tolerance test (Impaire Glucose Tolerance)
or fasting blood sugar of 100-126mg/dl (Impaired Fasting Glucose)
This percentage of gestational diabetes patients will develop Type II diabetes within 10 years.
20-50%
What classifies someone with secondary diabetes?
having diabetes due to pancreatic disease, drugs, hormones, or genetic reasons
When does gestational diabetes usually present?
2nd or 3rd trimester
The AACE targets glycemic control at what level of A1c?
<6.5%
What are the approximate blood glucose levels for an A1c of 5%? of 6%?
5%: 97
6%: 126
The 2 main causes of diabetes is what?
defective beta cells in the pancreas
insulin resistance
Sulfonylureas are also called ________.
secretagogues
Name the sulfonylureas.
glipizide (Glucotrol)
glyburide (Diabeta)
glimepiride (Amaryl)
What is the DOC for type 2 diabetes?
metformin (Glucophage)
What is the mechanism of action for metformin (Glucophage)?
decreases hepatic glucose production by glycodenolysis and gluconeogenesis
decreases intestinal absorption of glucose
improves insulin sensitivity
increases peripheral glucose uptake and utilization
What is the main side effect of metformin?
diarrhea, n/v, flatulence
What is the initial dose of metformin?
Start with Metformin XR 500mg with supper x 3 days then BID
