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Module 7 > Module 7 > Flashcards

Module 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of muscle tissue is considered voluntary?

A

Skeletal

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2
Q

What two types of muscle tissue are considered involuntary?

A

Smooth

Cardiac

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3
Q

Which Muscle tissues have striatations?

A

Cardiac

Skeletal

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4
Q

Does a muscle push?

A

No!

It pulls

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5
Q

What are the four characteristics of muscles?

A

Generates heat
Movement
Posture
Stability

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6
Q

What is an aponneurosis?

A

A broad flat tendon

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7
Q

What are the cord-like structures that attach skeletal muscle to bone?

A

Tendons

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8
Q

What is the more proximal or attached part of a muscle that is immoveable or less moveable on the bone?

A

Origin

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9
Q

What is the more distal, more moveable attachment of the muscle?

A

Insertion

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10
Q

What is an isotonic contraction?

A

The muscle changes in length and moves the load

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11
Q

What is an isometric contraction?

A

The load is greater then the tension that the muscle is able to develop, the muscle never shortens or lengthens

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12
Q

What are the two subdivisions of an isotonic contraction?

A

Concentric- shortening when contracting

Eccentric- lengthening when contracting

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13
Q

What type of contraction is it when you pick up a glass?

A

Concentric

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14
Q

What type of contraction is it when you are lowering a glass?

A

Eccentric

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15
Q

When you are holding the glass, what kind of contraction is it?

A

Isometric

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16
Q

What is a Sarcolemma, Sarcoplasm and the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Sacrolemma- plasma membrane of muscle cells
Sarcoplasm- Cytoplasm of muscle cell
Sarcoplasmic reticulum- The endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells

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17
Q

Skeletal muscles has __ connnective tissue sheaths. The innermost sheath consistening of _____ connective tissue surrounds individual muscle fibers and is called ______.

A

3
Areolar
Endomysium

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18
Q

The _____ is an individual connective tissue sheath surrounding groups of muscle fibers called ______.

A

Perimysium

Fascicles

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19
Q

The outermost sheath called ______ wraps around the entire muscle to help transfer force generated by _______. It consists of _________ tissue

A

Epimysium
contraction
Dense regular

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20
Q

What is a fascicle wrapped by?

A

Perimysium

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21
Q

What is the difference between a sacrolemma and an endomysium?

A

Sacrolemma- cell membrane

Endomysin- what wraps around the cell membrane or sarcolemma

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22
Q

What are myrofibirils?

A

Rod-like strands in a sarcomere

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23
Q

What is a sarcomere?

A

The space between two Z Discs

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24
Q

The smallest or ______ unit of a muscle fiber is called a ______. It is defined as a region between two successive _______

A

functional
sarcomere
Z Disc

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25
Q

What is a thick filament made of in a sarcomere?

A

Myosin

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26
Q

What is a thin filament made of in a sarcomere?

A

Actin

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27
Q

What does the A band contain?

A

Thin and Thick filaments

28
Q

What does the I band contain?

A

Thin filaments ONLY

29
Q

What does the Z disc contain?

A

Thick and Thin filaments

30
Q

What happens to the length of the Actin and the Myosin when a muscle contracts?

A

Length does not change!

They only slide past each other

31
Q

What is contained in the center of the A band? What is this also known as?

A

only myosin

H-zone

32
Q

The dark line running down the H zone is made of ______ and is also known as ______.

A

Myosin

M-line

33
Q

What part of the Sarcomere can disappear or get smaller?

A

H-zone

34
Q

How does skeletal muscle contract?

A

Stomatic motor innervation direct to each fiber of the cell

35
Q

What is a neuromuscular junction?

A

where the nerve ending and the fiber meets

36
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

Motor neruon and all the fibers it innervates

37
Q

Which would be considered a large motor usage? A slap, or a touch?

A

Slap

38
Q

Does a large or small motor unit recruit less muscle cells?

A

small

39
Q

What is the gap between motor neurons and muscle fibers at the neuromuscular function?

A

Synaptic cleft

40
Q

What does ACh stand for?

A

Acetylcholine

41
Q

Epimysium of muscle is fused to the periosteum of a bone or cartilage

A

Direct attachment

42
Q

Connective tissue wraps extending beyond the muscle as a rope like tendon or sheet known as an aponeurosis

A

Indirect attachment

43
Q

Perfectly aligned repeating series of A bands and light I bands

A

Striations

44
Q

Coin-shaped sheet of proteins that anchor the thin filaments and connect myrofibrils to eachother

A

Z disc

45
Q

Lighter midregion were filaments do not overlap

A

H zone

46
Q

Line of protein myomesin that holds thick filaments together

A

M Line

47
Q

Thick filaments

A

Run the entire length of an A band

48
Q

Thin Filaments

A

Runs the entire length of the I band and into the pathway of the A band.

49
Q

A network of mooth endoplasmic reticulum surrounding each myofibril

A

Sarcoplasmic Reiculum

50
Q

A metabolic pathway that take ADP and a P and creates ATP

A

Direct phosphorlation

51
Q

A type of metabolic pathway that uses pyrubates and glycolosis and end in lactic acid

A

Anaerobic respiration

52
Q

A type of metabolic pathway that burns glucose using O2

A

Aerobic respiration

53
Q

What is it called when you reach the minimal stimulus in a muscle twitch?

A

Threshold stimulus

54
Q

What is a compound from ADP to ATP?

A

creatine phosphate

55
Q

A metabolic pathway that produces ATP and lactic acid

A

anaerobic respiration

56
Q

Metabolic pathway that produces water and C02 with ATP

A

Aerobic respiration

57
Q

Which muscle fiber is responsible for posture and for running long races?

A

slow oxidative

58
Q

What muscle fiber is responsible for sprinting a race?

A

fast oxidative

59
Q

What muscle fiber is responsible for lifting a heavy load for a short time?

A

fast glycolytic

60
Q

Where is smooth muscle found?

A

walls of hollow organs

61
Q

What makes smooth muscle different from skeletal muscle?

A

smooth is uninuclei and involuntary

62
Q

What is T tubule and 2 terminal cisternae?

A

Triad

63
Q

What is the part of the sarcolemma that carries action potential?

A

T Tubules

64
Q

What is the part of the sarcoplasmic reticiulum that stores calcium ions?

A

terminal cisternae

65
Q

Which band is dark and which is light?

A

A band

I band

66
Q

What is the name of the condition where you become rigid after death?

A

Rigor Mortis

67
Q

What causes you to seeze during rigor mortis?

A

Lack of ATP after death

Module 7 (2 decks)

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