Module 7 Flashcards
Net Yield through Glycolysis
ATP: 2
NADH: 2
Pyruvate: 2
Glycolysis in the cytoplasm
Glycogen+ ATP->ADP Glucose 6 phosphate + ATP-> ADP Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate split in 2 Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate + NAD+-> NADH 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate+ ADP->ATP ADP->ATP Pyruvate Net 2ATP, 2 NADH w/no O2 NADH->NAD+= Lactate w O2 NAD+->NADH, lose 2 CO2, addition of Acetyl CoA Citric Acid Cycle & Mitochondria
Citric Acid Cycle
Inside Mitochondria NAD+ ->NADH, loss of 2*CO2, gain of Acetyl CoA
Citrate, loss 4 CO2, Gain 6 NADH,
Glycolysis
Breakdown of sugar & occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
Any energy liberated will be released as heat or captured as ATP or NADH. Net yield:
ATP=2
NADH=2
Pyruvate=2
Glycogenesis
When Glucose & ATP are in high amounts the body will form glycogen from glucose
Reduced
When an atom receives/gains e-
Oxidized
When an atom donates/loses e-
OIL
Oxidized is losing
What is Substrate Phosphorylation?
The transfer of a phosphate group from a 3 carbon molecule to ADP= ATP
How does pyruvate become lactate?
loses a H+
NADH-> NAD+
Beta Oxidation
The metabolism of fat
What are FAD & NAD
Coenzymes which become reduce/ accept e- or H+
Where is most of ATP made?
Which coenzyme makes the most of it and by how much?
Electron transport chain
NADH makes 3 ATP
FADH makes 2 ATP
Which element is the final e- acceptor
Oxygen at the end of the e- transport chain and makes H2O
Lipogenesis
Making new fat by combining Acetyl groups which adds carbons to a growing fatty acid chain
Ketoacidosis
When the body is NOT metabolizing sugar because of fasting, dieting, malnutrition, or diabetes.
Fat breakdown through beta oxidation, accumulation of acetate & acetyl CoA build up behind the citric acid cycle (saturation)
2 carbon products begin to spontaneously react with each other & produce4 carbon molecules referred to as ketone bodies being acidic & can lower pH
