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Classification > MODULE 7 > Flashcards

MODULE 7 Flashcards

1
Q

The mycobacteria are divided into 3 major groups of based on fundamental
differences in

A

epidemiology and association with disease

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2
Q

refers to the mycobacterial species that occur in humans and are capable of causing tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)

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3
Q

species under MTBC

A

M. tuberculosis (MTB)
M. bovis
M. africanum

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4
Q

consists of mycobacterial species that do not belong to the MTBC, thus it is also known as Mycobacteria Other Than Tubercle Bacilli (MOTT). It is a diverse group of organisms commonly
found in the environment, and the group includes both
saprophytes and opportunistic human pathogens.

A

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM)

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5
Q

causes leprosy (Hansen’s disease). It is distinct from other mycobacteria because it does not grow in artificial culture media.

A

Mycobacterium leprae

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6
Q

Slender with numerous tight coils; 0.1-0.18 um iwide x 6 20 um long; has 8-20 evenly spaced coils

A

Family Spirochaetaceae

Treponema

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7
Q

Axial filaments: 6-10

Insertion Disks: 1

A

Family Spirochaetaceae

Treponema

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8
Q

Thicker with fewer and looser coils; 0.3 µm wide x 3.0 µm long has 3-10 loose, irregular coils.

A

Family Spirochaetaceae

Borrelia

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9
Q

Axial filaments: 30-40

Insertion Disks: 2

A

Family Spirochaetaceae

Borrelia

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10
Q

Slender, tightly coiled; ends bent to form question mark-like hooks; 0.1–0.2 µm wide x 5-15 µm long

A

Family Leptospiraceae

Leptospira

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11
Q

Axial filaments: 2

Insertion Disks: 3-5

A

Family Leptospiraceae

Leptospira

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12
Q

A classification for Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTP) was introduced by Ernest Runyon in 1959. Four groups of NTM are classified based on 2 criteria

A
  1. Growth rate

2. Colonial pigmentation

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13
Q

a. Slow growers - produce colonies in >7 days

A

Runyon groups I, II, and III

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14
Q

b. Rapid growers - produce colonies in <7 days

A

Runyon groups IV

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15
Q

Colonial pigmentation - based on the abillity/inability of NTM to synthesize
[?] (a group of yellow to red pigments) with or without light

A

carotenoids

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16
Q

Photochromogens

A

Runyon group I

17
Q

Scotochromogens

A

Runyon group II

18
Q

Nonphotochromogens

A

Runyon groups III and IV

19
Q

Assessment of Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria

  1. Inoculate the surfaces of three Löwenstein–Jensen slant media or three
    [?] agar plates with fluid from a dilute broth culture of the
    organism to be tested. Wrap two of the tubes or plates with aluminum
    foil; leave the third exposed to the ambient light in the incubator.
A

Middlebrook 7H11

20
Q

Assessment of Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria

  1. Incubate one of the wrapped tubes or plates at [?]; the other
    wrapped tubes or plates at 37°C.
A

25°C–30°C

21
Q

Assessment of Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria

  1. Several days after growth is noted in the light-exposed control tube or
    plate, examine the [?] or plates for growth.
A

wrapped tubes

22
Q

Assessment of Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria

  1. If early growth is detected in the wrapped tubes or plates, expose one of
    each pair to a strong light for approximately 5 hours. A [?]
    bulb or fluorescent equivalent is adequate. Loosen the cap of the culture
    tube during this period of light exposure.
A

100-W tungsten

23
Q

Assessment of Photoreactivity of Mycobacteria

  1. Following exposure to light, the tube or plate is returned to the incubator
    and inspected after [?] for the appearance of yellow pigment.
A

24–48 hours

24
Q 
NTM colonies that develop yellow
pigment on exposure to light after being
grown in the dark (nonpigmented in
dark) and take longer than 7 days to
appear on solid media
A

Runyon Group I

PHOTOCHROMOGENS

25
Q

NTM colonies that develop pigment in
the dark or light and take longer than 7
days to appear on solid media

A

Runyon Group II

SCOTOCHROMOGENS

26
Q

NTM colonies that are nonpigmented
regardless of whether they are grown in
the dark or light and take longer than 7
days to appear on solid media

A

Runyon Group III

NONPHOTOCHROMOGENS

27
Q

NTM colonies that grow on solid media

and take fewer than 7 days to appear

A

Runyon Group IV

RAPID GROWERS

28
Q

M. marinum
M. kansasii
M. simiae
M. asiaticum

A

Runyon Group I

PHOTOCHROMOGENS

29
Q

M. scrofulaceum
M. szulgai (35-37 oC)
M. gordonae
M. flavescens

A

Runyon Group II

SCOTOCHROMOGENS

30
Q 
M. avium complex
M. genavense
M. gastri
M. malmoense
M. haemophilum
M. shimoidei
M. ulcerans
M. xenopi
M. terrae-M. triviale complex
M. nonchromogenicum
A

Runyon Group III

NONPHOTOCHROMOGENS

31
Q

M. fortuitum
M. chelonae
M. abscessus
M. smegmatis

A

Runyon Group IV

RAPID GROWERS

Classification (1 decks)

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