module 7 Flashcards
a human community that claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory”
state
According to her a human community that claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory”
(Shandra, 2007). weber defines
Examples of the state
Government, Sovereignty, Territory, and the People
are institutions not related to the components of the state.
nonstate institutions
These nonstate institutions include the following:
banks and corporations, cooperatives and trade unions transnational advocacy groups development agencies international organizations.
refers to a formally constituted entity, composed of individuals performing a set of functions for the achievement of a certain mandate, obligation or task.
organization
. An example of organization
bank, corporation, or development agency.
refers to a structured domain of norms, rules, and practices that gives a sense of order to a specific set of relationships.
institution
Examples of institutions include:
religion kinship and family friendship and association popular culture rituals knowledge systems.
the system of beliefs as well as perceptions of the people vis-à-vis the forest resource (how they see it in relation to their lives and how people think the world woks).
Environmental worldviews
governs how the people engage the resource, particularly in terms of the technology employed to extract the products from it.
Knowledge systems
which is usually traditional in character, used in interacting with the resource both as sources of products and services, as well as sources of symbols for their rituals
body of information
the manner by which the community defines the rules of who has access to and control of resources.
Tenurial and property systems
– a right, term, or mode of holding or occupying something of value for a period of time
Tenure
the manner by which the community manages its conflicts vis-a-vis various issues
Conflict Management Systems
conflicts that arise from the use of forest resources
Conflict Management Systems
this entails a norm that guides interpersonal conduct and would include reciprocal institutions such as the forms of exchange labor like bayanihan or turnohan, or patron-client relationship.
Association Systems
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations:
the office of the President and the departments under the Office of the President.
Executive Branch
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations:
– the Senate and the House of Representatives
Legislative Branch
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations: 3rd
Judiciary
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations: 4th
Armed Forces and the Police
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations:
Commission on Audit (COA), Civil Service Commission (CSC), and Commission on Elections (COMELEC)
Constitutional Commissions
Organizations can be considered as state and nonstate organizations. The following are state organizations: 6th
Local Governments
financial institution that lends money both to public as well as private organizations. The government borrows money from the this to finance its development activities, while private companies and individuals borrow money to fund their investments or personal development
bank
are suited for employees with a monthly salary.
Savings Banks
Low-waged people may open an account in the savings bank.
Savings Banks
is a type of financial institution that accepts deposits, offers checking account services, makes various loans, and offers basic financial products like certificate of deposits (CDs) and savings accounts to individuals and small businesses.
Commercial Banks
Commercial banks make money by providing loans and earning interest income from those loans. true or false
true
These banks are committed toward enhancing the growth of industries by providing loans for a very long period of time. This is vital for the long-term growth of industries.
Industrial Development Banks
These banks promote growth in the food sector by giving loans to farmers at a relatively lower interest rate.
Land Development Banks
The loan is usually given on the basis of land. If a farmer has lots of agricultural fields, then the more loan he/she could receive.
Land Development Banks
These banks specialize in providing mortgage loans alone. In order to sell loans they depend solely on the secondary market.
Mortgage Banks
is a debt instrument, secured by the collateral of specified real estate property that the borrower is obliged to pay back with a predetermined set of payments.
A mortgage
suggests gets money from the general community without any bias and provide loans to all sections of people in the neighborhood. Their motto is not profit alone, but service.
Cooperative Banks
– These banks will be available in more than a single country. They provide services for the buying and selling of gold and silver; transactions will be in foreign currencies.
Exchange Banks
Low interest rates and easy installment paybacks are features of these banks.
Credit Unions
These banks are not for the general public or community. They are for private personnel’s assets and transactions alone.
Private Banks
These banks are based on the principles of the religion Islam. There are no interests for loans acquired from these banks. Service charges may apply.
Islamic Banks
Provides banking facilities only via internet. There will be no physical contact with the bank. All transactions are permitted only through online.
Internet Banks
is a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners.
corporation
enjoy most of the rights and responsibilities that individuals possess
corporation
corporation can not enter contracts, loan and borrow money, sue and be sued, hire employees, own assets, and pay taxes. T or F
F
individuals possess: they can enter contracts, loan and borrow money, sue and be sued, hire employees, own assets, and pay taxes
“legal person.”
refers to an autonomous association whose membership is voluntary toward the attainment of common economic, social and cultural needs or aspirations.
cooperative or coop
is owned by its members and it’s democratically operated. They could be formed to provide a broad range of functions, such as to provide a credit facility to each member.
cooperative or coop
These include universities, schools and colleges; private polling firms which use statistical methods in conducting opinion polls to guide advocacy and decision-making
Academic and Science-Based Organizations
which provide technical services both for the formulation and the implementation of policies.
private think tanks and consultancy groups
its form (print, radio, television) provide effective conduits for environmental policy information, as well as environmental policy advocacy.
Mass Media
seen in church congregations and their counterparts in Islam and other religions provide effective venues for commentary and issue advocacy and for moralizing the issues and agents involved in the environmental policy process.
Religious Organizations
– Most of them are involved in advocacy, but some are also involved in environmental policy information and analysis.
Nongovernmental Organizations
They have also been involved as partners or facilitators in the implementation of environmental development programs and projects, particularly at the community level. Some of them are also conduits for funding
Nongovernmental Organizations
They operate by giving loans or grants to other countries which these countries can use for their development.
funders or donors
is an international organization dedicated to providing financing, advice, and research to developing nations to aid their economic advancement.
World Bank (WB)
The bank predominantly acts as an organization that attempts to fight poverty by offering developmental assistance to middle- and low-income countries.
World Bank (WB)
that aims to promote global economic growth and financial stability, encourage international trade, and reduce poverty.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Founded in 1966, were the head qurters are in Manila, Philippines
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
foster growth and cooperation among countries in the Asia-Pacific Region. primary mission
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
also relies on member contributions, retained earnings from lending, and the repayment of loans for funding of the organization.
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
are organizations with specific aims and goals. The common denominator among these organizations is the term development.
Development Agencies
These agencies concentrate on the growth, progression, and development of specific societal concerns, which can be infrastructure or social institutions.
Development Agencies
are two major types of organizations that are considered as development agencies:
international organizations and NGOs.
to provide support and assistance through organized framework to international corporation.
international organizations
exampe of internation organizayion aims to:
achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in improving and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedom for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion
United Nations (UN)
concentrate mostly on the distribution of equitable health and social development. Also, these organizations have diverse networks that enable them to provide and exchange support across different borders and localize their implementations of international policies.
International organizations
a non-profit, citizen-based group that functions independently of government.
non-governmental organization (NGO)
sometimes called civil societies, are organized on community, national and international levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and are
non-governmental organization (NGO)
(e.g., human rights, environmental protection, disaster relief, and development assistance), and the scope of their activities may be local, national, or international.
human concerns
Many NGOs have targeted their efforts toward population groups that tend to be underserved by government programs, including women, the aged, physically and mentally disabled persons, the poor, the various social groups that have been marginalized by virtue of race, religion, ethnicity, caste and the social class. true or false
True
This aims to promote economic improvement and, at the same time, resolve issues concerning closed economies.
economic alliance
When governments are unable to address such demands and their related issues, they create responses to facilitate government intervention through policy campaigns or even actual delivery of demanded services and products.
nonstate institutions
concentrates mostly on the distribution of equitable health and social develoopment.
International organizations
Collectively these loans or grants are reffered to as _____________…
official development assistance (ODA)
