module 62

Question 1

cohort

Answer 1

a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as from a given time period

Question 2

crystallized intelligence

Answer 2

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

Question 3

fluid intelligence

Answer 3

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially during late adulthood

Question 4

cross-sectional study

Answer 4

research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time.

Question 5

longitudinal study

Answer 5

research that follows and retests the same people over time.

Question 6

intellectual disability

Answer 6

a condition of limited mental ability, determined by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the demands of life.

(Formerly referred to as mental retardation.)

Question 7

Down syndrome

Answer 7

a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

Question 8

David Wechsler

Answer 8

concluded that “the decline of mental ability with age is part of the general [aging] process of the organism as a whole.”

Question 9

Ian Deary

Answer 9

conducted longitude studies and discovered that by age 11, the stability in scores becomes impressive