Module 6

Question 1

summarize factors affecting food choice

Answer 1

1. Culture: acceptable foods, customs (i.e. celebration, illness), food symbolism, religious beliefs
2. nutrition knowledge/beliefs: health concerns, attitudes/values, education
3. food preferences (primarily learned): taste, smell, colour, texture, temperature, heredity (supertasters), familiarity
4. practical considerations: food availability/cost, hunger, convenience, health status
   * ** most important- forms most strict limit

Question 2

define culture, describe influence on diet

Answer 2

• learned throughout life
• customary way of thinking/acting
• always changing
• system shared beliefs, values, behaviors, artifacts

impacts:

1. how food is acquired/stored
2. which foods are selected for consumption
3. meal patterns
4. how foods are prepared
5. attitudes toward food

Question 3

define: acculturation, ethnocentrism, cultural relativism

Answer 3

acculturation: adoption of behaviour patterns of surrounding culture. changes in culture, customs, food, clothing, language
ethnocentrism: belief that one’s value system/lifestyle is most appropriate. judging another culture by values of own. expressed with disapproval, anger, disgust, disbelief, amusement

cultural relativism: beliefs, values, customs, behaviours, ethics is relative to social context. belief that there are no right/wrong cultures, just different.

Question 4

describe how modern food habits have developed (inc. Agriculture and Industrial Revolutions)

Answer 4

body functions best with diet emphasis on lean protein, high fiber, complex carbs, vegetables and fruit. minimal sodium/sugar

agriculture revolution: human culture moved away from hunter-gatherer to agr. 12,000 years ago

industrial revolution: changes in agriculture/industry (tools, machines) began UK 1750-1850. processes including refining whole grain (remove fiber/vitamin to last longer), refining sugar, pasteurization and refrigeration (safer food), canned food, hydrogenation of fat (less healthy, stores better). INCREASED FOOD PROCESSING AND CONSUMPTION OF PROCESSED FOODS

Question 5

importance of social determinants of health

Answer 5

= conditions in which ppl born, grow, work, age. shaped by distribution of money, power, resources at various levels. responsible for health inequities
includes:
- income & social status
- physical environments
- employment/working condtiions
- education/literacy
-social support
- childhood experiences
- gender
- race
- indigeneity
- culture

Question 6

influence of religion on food choice

Answer 6

Jewish: Kosher=acceptable. pork is not kosher

Islam: Halal= what is permitted. non-halal foods= pork, animals slaughtered not in accordance, alcohol