Module 59

Question 1

self

Answer 1

in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Question 2

spotlight effect

Answer 2

overestimating others’ noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us)

Question 3

Self-esteem

Answer 3

one’s feelings of high or low self-worth.

Question 4

Self-efficacy

Answer 4

one’s sense of competence and effectiveness.

Question 5

self-serving bias

Answer 5

a readiness to perceive oneself favorably

Question 6

narcissism

Answer 6

excessive self-love and self-absorption.

Question 7

individualism

Answer 7

giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.

Question 8

collectivism

Answer 8

giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly.

Question 9

Allport and Odbert

Answer 9

identified almost 18,000 words representing traits

Question 10

Albert Bandura

Answer 10

believed that personality is the result of an interaction that takes place between a person and their social context

Question 11

Hans and Sybil Eysenck

Answer 11

suggested that personality could be reduced down to tow polar dimension, extraversion-introversion and emotional stability-instability

Question 12

Walter Mischel

Answer 12

points out that traits may be enduring, but the resulting behavior in various situations is different. Therefore, traits are not good predictors of behavior. Traits are socially significant and influence your health, thinking, and performance