Module 5 - Urinary Elimination - Catheterization and Bladder Irrigation Flashcards
A female patient reports that she is experiencing burning on urination, frequency, and urgency. The nurse notes that a clean-voided urine specimen is markedly cloudy. Which of the following is the probable cause of these symptoms and findings?
Cystitis is usually marked by urinary frequency and irritation. The cloudiness is usually indicative of bacterial presence. A renal stone causes pain and hematuria. Hemorrhage and incontinence are not characterized by this presentation.
Hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) are most often related to poor hand hygiene and which of the following?
Improper catheter care.
To minimize nocturia, when should patients avoid fluids?
For 2 hours before bedtime.
A Foley catheter drainage bag is placed below the bladder to prevent which of the following?
The Foley catheter drainage bag should be below the level of the bladder to prevent urinary reflux, which can lead to infection.
A patient underwent total knee replacement and was placed on patient-controlled analgesia. The patient has been activating the medication button an average of four times per hour. The nurse has assisted the patient on and off the bedpan two or three times an hour for the past 2 hours. Urine output was about 50 mL with each void. The nurse now begins to suspect which of the following?
Urinary retention may cause increased pressure in the bladder to the point that the external urethral sphincter is unable to hold back urine. The sphincter temporarily opens to allow a small volume of urine to escape. Bladder pressure then falls, and the sphincter closes again. The nurse should also assess the lower abdomen for bladder distension. The symptom described does not justify the selection of the other options. The patient has no sense of urgency. Fluid overload would more likely manifest as lung congestion. A UTI would cause additional symptoms.
A 34-year-old man is in hospital rehabilitating from a spinal cord injury. He is incontinent of urine at regular intervals. He is unaware when he is incontinent. This describes which of the following types of incontinence?
Reflex incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine at regular intervals. The person is unaware that the bladder is filling and does not feel the urge to void.
