Module 5 : Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures Flashcards
Electroencephalogram
An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain’s surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp.
Position Emission Tomography (PET)
A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue. Shows brain anatomy.
Functional MRI (fMRI)
A technique for revealing blood flow and therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans. Shows brain function.
Brainstem
The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal chord swells as it enters the skull. The brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions.
Medulla
The base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing.
Thalamus
The brain’s sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem. It directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.
Reticular Information
A nerve network that travels through the brainstem and plays an important role in controlling arousal.
Cerebellum
The little brain at the rear of the brainstem, Functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance.
Limbic System
Neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres, associated with emotions and drives.
Amygdala
Two lima bean sized neural clusters in the limbic system that are linked to emotion.
Hypothalamus
A neural structure lying below the thalamus. It directs several maintenance activities such as eating, drinking and body temperature. Helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland and is linked to emotion and reward.
