Module 5 Statistics and Probability

Question 1

How should Children explore statistics through investigation:

Answer 1

Collection of data
Display of data (Reduction of data)
Interpretation of data (Inference)

Question 2

Pie Chart

Answer 2

Information is shown as a circle and the different sized slices of the pie stand for the quantities. Pie charts show proportions of a whole and are used for categorical data.

Question 3

Bar Chart

Answer 3

Graph that uses horizontal or vertical bars to show information. Categorical or grouped numerical data.

Question 4

Column Graph

Answer 4

Used to display categorical data (information from one column to another eg birthday in one month not related to birthday in another month).

Question 5

Line graph

Answer 5

should only be used when meaning can be attached to the points on the line between plotted points eg temperature readings over time. Provides a continuous connection.

Question 6

Dot plots/scatter plots

Answer 6

alternative to a column graph where each value is recorded as a dot to easily count the frequencies of data.

Question 7

Stem and leaf plots

Answer 7

split data into a stem (the first digit or digits) and a leaf (usually the last digit.

Question 8

3 Types of Centre

Answer 8

Mean, Mode, Median (Usually stage 4 but can be taught earlier)

Question 9

Name two areas that statistics is used for

Answer 9

1. Finding types of centre eg mean , mode median

2. Describing spread eg. In summer, the average daily maximum temperature for Wagga is around 32 degrees celsius.

Question 10

Is variation important in statsitcs

Answer 10

Yes without variation there are no statistics:
Collect data because of variation
Graph data to display the variation
Calculate average to reduce the variation
Calculate spreads (ranges) to characterise variation Probability is used to explain random variation

Question 11

Random variation

Answer 11

Random variation - any outcome from an event has an equal chance of occuring and every outcome is independent of every other outcome that has occurred.

Question 12

ES1

Answer 12

Represent and interpret data and displays of data made from objects and pictures. (Birthday, Pets info)

Question 13

S1

Answer 13

Gathers organises and displays data in column and picture graphs (one to one correspondence) and interprets.(next new student that walks into the class what are they likely to have pet - probability)

Question 14

S2

Answer 14

Selects data collection methods eg surveys etc. Constructs, compares and interprets data displays (many to one correspondence eg one picture of a cat represents 10). (experimental methods)

Question 15

S3

Answer 15

As with S2 but analyses data and uses more complex graphs (side by side column graphs), expected to use data from secondary sources. (girls and boys height different colours- using census data etc)