MODULE 5- SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED Flashcards
What are the groups within society according to Crossman, Ashley (2019)?
- Primary groups
- Secondary groups
They are small and characterized by CLOSE, PERSONAL, AND INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS that last a long time, maybe a lifetime. THESE RELATIONSHIPS ARE DEEPLY PERSONAL and loaded with emotion.
Primary groups
They comprise relatively IMPERSONAL AND TEMPORARY RELATIONSHIPS THAT ARE GOAL- OR TASK-ORIENTED and are often found in employment or educational settings.
Secondary groups
It is a SOCIAL GROUP TOWARDS WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL FEELS LOYALTY AND RESPECT, usually DUE TO MEMBERSHIP IN THE GROUP. This loyalty often manifests itself as an ingroup bias. Commonly encountered ingroups include
family members, people of the same race, culture or religion, and so on.
In-groups
It is a SOCIAL GROUP TO WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL DOES NOT IDENTIFY
Out-groups
It is a GROUP TO WHICH WE COMPARE OURSELVES. We use them in order to GUIDE OUR BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDES TO HELP US IDENTIFY SOCIAL NORMS.
Reference group
They are BASED ON THE GROUP’S SHARED INTERESTS AND GOAL. They are NOT STRUCTURED WITH A SPECIFIC GOAL IN MIND and group MEMBERS INTERACT ON A PERSONAL LEVEL. Examples of them include: families, a group of local mothers, and peer groups.
Informal reference groups
They have a SPECIFIC GOAL OR MISSION. They also have a SPECIFIC STRUCTURE AND POSITIONS OF AUTHORITY. Some examples of them include: labor unions, Mensa, a society for people with high IQ, Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)
Formal reference groups
What are the two reference groups?
- Informal reference groups
- Formal reference groups
A GROUP OF INTERDEPENDENT ACTORS AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THEM.
They vary widely in their nature and operation, depending on the particular actors involved, their relationships, the level and scope at which they operate, and the wider context.
Network
