Module 5 - Prevention, Early Recognition, Support Flashcards
Define what it means to “manage distress”
Learning how to cope w/ difficult emotional states; form of self-regulation
Define a person’s “tipping point”
Point at which someone begins to show signs/symptoms of the strain of perceived stress.
T/F: Everyone has the same tipping point
False
Define the “stress diathesis model” (Review: Mod 01)
A psychological theory that attempts to explain a disorder or behaviour as an interaction between genetic predisposition and a risk exposure.
Define “diathesis”
The concept of vulnerability: a person’s predisposition to medical condition.
“A diathesis can be biological through _________ inheritance, a psychosocial vulnerability created by exposure to a _________ early in life, or created by the interaction between __________ and ___________ factors.”
genetic
stressor
hereditary
environmental
Results from a study by McEwan and Gianaros (2010) indicate that stress can trigger allostasis-induced _______ _______
Brain plasticity
Define “brain plasticity”
(aka. neuroplasticity)
The ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections.
Define the “steeling effect”
More resistance to later stress having successfully coped with a stress/challenge.
T/F: the steeling effect promotes resilience and good health
True
Define the “physiological response” of the stress diathesis model
Response from perceived stress in the brain is translated to the physiological response, which includes signalling from various systems (ie. HPA axis, autonomic nervous system, gut, immune)
List some interventions that alleviate allostatic load
- Healthy diet
- Regular cardiovascular exercise
- Social support
- Connectedness
- Good quality sleep
The two most common MH disorders in Canada are:
- Anxiety disorders (generalized, social, phobias, panic disorder)
- Depressive disorders (major depressive disorder)
“In 2013, an estimated __________ Canadians reported an anxiety and/or mood disorder. ____% of these individuals reported they have not sought treatment in the last ____ months.”
3 million
23%
12
“One study found that ____% of Canadian youth have experienced a/an ________ disorder and ____% have experienced a/an ________ disorder.
10.2%
Depressive
12.1%
Anxiety
T/F: Depression and anxiety disorders are more prevalent in males compared to females.
False: opposite is true
What are some signs and symptoms associated with anxiety?
EMOTIONAL: feeling on edge, irritable, not fully enjoying things
PHYSICAL: restlessness, chest tight, muscle tension, shortness of breath, gastro, headaches, sweaty palms, butterflies
BEHAVIOURAL: avoidance of feared situations, short temper, difficulty sleeping/concentrating
COGNITIVE: apprehension, over-worry, distraction
T/F: the symptoms of anxiety do not generally overlap with other types of problems (ie. ADHD, depression, cardiovascular issues)
False: they do overlap
What are some signs and symptoms of depression?
EMOTIONAL: feeling sad, non-reactive, despair, loss of enjoyment
PHYSICAL: changes in sleep/appetite, feeling slowed down, agitated, headaches/pain
BEHAVIOURAL: withdrawing from friends/family, staying in more, missing work at uni
COGNITIVE: feelings of guilt, suicidal thoughts, hopelessness, difficulty concentrating, dwelling on -ve
List the four main indicators that may suggest an MH concern or problem.
- Disproportionate reaction (severity/intensity of symptoms and level of distress are disproportionate to the situation)
- Time (persistent symptoms)
- Impairment
- Out of character (the person does not seem themselves)
T/F: Mental health concerns/conditions require assessment by an MH professional who considers the whole person
True
What information is important to assess MH status?
- Developmental history (ie. early trauma and abuse)
- Family history - predisposition?
- Symptoms
- Treatment (response or paradoxical worsening to any treatment)
- Other factors (ie. substance abuse)
- Relational/social factors (relationships, social connectedness, environment)