Module 5: Mental Health Awareness - Prevention, Early Recognition, and Support Flashcards
Resiliency
The ability to adjust or recover from a stressor, threat, or adversity
Managing distress is a form of ___ - __________
self-regulation
When challenges and stress exceed the point of optimal performance and become too great to manage. (this is referred to as the…)
the tipping point
One way to conceptualize the idea of the tipping point is through what model?
The Stress Diathesis Model
The process by which the body adapts to changes in the body, such as stress, is called…
allostasis
Diathesis refers to
a person’s predisposition or vulnerability to something
Diathesis can be…
Biological (genetic)
Psychosocial (early life experiences)
Genetic x environment
Overall, the stress diathesis model explains a disorder or behaviour through…
an interaction between genetic predisposition and stressful environmental exposure
Stress, if manageable can lead to positive growth and adaptation which promotes resilience and good health. This is referred to as the…
steeling effect
Perceived stress
Different people react differently to the same stress due to differences in internal and external environment
Physiologic responses
Metabolism, heart rate, anxiety levels, emotions, etc.
Allostatic load
Refers to the wear and tear on the body and brain resulting from chronic dysregulation
What are the two most common mental health disorders in Canada?
Anxiety and depressive disorders
Depression and anxiety disorders are more prevalent in ________ than _________
females than males
The rates of depression and anxiety disorders are __________ among Canadian youth and the general population
similar
For a disorder to be present symptoms must….
persist and be associated with distress and/or impairment
Signs and symptoms associated with anxiety (emotional, physical, behavioral, cognitive)
Emotional:
- Feeling on edge
- Irritable
Physical:
- Restlessness
- Headaches
- Sweating
Behavioral:
- Avoidance
- Short temper
- Difficulty sleeping and concentrating
Cognitive:
- Over worry
- Distracted
The signs and symptoms of anxiety can overlap with….
ADHD, depression, or cardiovascular problems
Signs and symptoms associated with depression (emotional, physical, behavioral, cognitive)
Emotional:
- Sad
- Non-reactive
- Loss of enjoyment
Physical:
- Changes in sleep and appetite
- Feeling slowed in movements or agitated
- Pain, headaches
Behavioral:
- Withdrawing
Cognitive:
- Feelings of guilt
- Suicidal thoughts
- Dwelling
- Difficulty concentrating
What are four main indicators that might indicate a mental health problem?
- Disproportionate reaction
- Time (persistent)
- Impairment (interfere with life)
- Out of character
The diagnostic assessment of a mental disorder involves looking at…
Developmental history (early trauma)
Family history (predisposition)
Symptoms
Treatment
Other factors (alcohol use))
Relational and social factors
Psychiatry
Assessing and treating moderate to severe mental health conditions that require combined psychological and pharmacological treatment
Counselling
Short-term and problem focused
Self-help
Helpful, accessible, and convenient for working through a problem or difficulty
Peer support
Can be easier to share with a peer
Psychotherapy
Helps support with emotional, social, and mental health problems typically of moderate severity
Primary care provider (family doctor)
First line of assessment of a mental health concern to assess, treat, provide continuity, and coordinate all aspects of care
A stepped care approach aims to…
match individual patients to the level of service indicated based on intensity of need
Current campus resources at Queen’s
Student Health and Wellness Services
Student Accessibility Services
Psychology Clinic
Community based services
Hospital
Publicly funded
Private or fee-for-service
Community based services such as hospital based services and publicly funded services often…
do not line up with the university student demographic or specific needs of university students
What are three types of barriers to mental health care?
- Stigma
- Attitudinal (invalidation)
- Practical (cost, time, challenges navigating system)
No symptoms require…
prevention and health promotion
Mild symptoms require…
self-help for targeted signs and symptoms
Mild to moderate symptoms require…
social and/or psychological approaches
Moderate to severe symptoms require…
pharmacological and psychological approaches
Preventative self-help & health promotion involves…
Access to resources
Getting enough sleep
Regular exercise and recreation
Social support network
Healthy diet
Social approaches involve…
Social skills workshops
Clubs
Support groups
Social prescribing
Psychological approaches involve
Mindfulness-based stress reduction
Behavioral activation
Psychodynamic therapy
Interpersonal psychotherapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive processing therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Addressing and changing maladaptive thinking patterns and modifying behaviour
It is important to consider medical explanations for symptoms and the interaction between physical and mental health when diagnosing and deciding treatment because…
There may be an underlying medical explanation for symptoms that requires a specific treatment.
Physical illnesses and mental health problems can be associated and thus both must be addressed in treatment (holistic approach)
