Module 5 - Mental Health

Question 1

What is a stereotype?

Answer 1

Prefabricated opinions and attitudes towards members of certain groups

Question 2

What is a prejudice?

Answer 2

Emotional reactions associated with a stereotype

Question 3

What are three general approaches that can be used to reduce stigma and discrimination?

Answer 3

1. Information / education about mental illness
2. Protest against unfair descriptions of mental illness
3. Direct contact with the mentally ill

Question 4

What are the components of a mental status exam?

Answer 4

1. General Appearance
2. Emotional State
3. Sensory Experience
4. Thinking
5. Sensorium and Cognitive Processes

Question 5

What is mood?

Answer 5

Subjective expression of emotional state

Question 6

What is affect?

Answer 6

Objective view of emotional state

Question 7

If someone states that they are happy, is this an example of mood or affect?

Answer 7

Mood

Question 8

Where are hallucinations examined in the mental status exam?

Answer 8

Sensory experience

Question 9

What is an acronym used in mental health assessment?

Answer 9

PS I LOVE AEIOU

Question 10

What does PS I LOVE AEIOU stand for?

Answer 10

P = Primary survey
S = Secondary survey
I = Interventions (physically or chemically restrained)
L = Level of certification
O = On arrive complaint
V = Visual and Auditory hallucinations
E = ETOH / drugs / Eye contact
A = Affect / appearance
E = Environment / Events
I = Ideations, SI, HI, Insight
O = Order of thoughts / Overdose
U = Underdose / unusual behaviours

Question 11

Under what section of the Mental Health Act can people be arrested?

Answer 11

Section 28

Question 12

Under what situations can a person be given treatment in an emergency sitation without consent to adults (under section 12 of Health Care and Care Facility Act)?

Answer 12

• necessary to preserve life, prevent serious harm (physical or mental)
• adult is impaired by drugs/ETOH
• no substitute decision maker, guardian or representative

Question 13

What happens under Section 22 of the Mental Health Act?

Answer 13

Involuntary admission for a 48 hour period
- “pink form”
- “Form 4”

Question 14

What are the 4 criteria for a Form 4?

Answer 14

1. Suffering from a mental disorder that seriously impairs a person’s ability to react appropriately
2. Requires psychiatric treatment in a facility
3. Requires care, supervision, and control in a facility
4. Not suitable as a voluntary patient

Question 15

What happens after 48 hours?

Answer 15

1. They are discharged
2. They are admitted as a voluntary patient
3. A second physician completes the form and they stay for up to 1 month

Question 16

True or False:
If a patient is arrested under Section 38 of the MHA, they automatically are admitted to the hospital

Answer 16

False
- RCMP arrest under Sec 28
- Need to be seen by a physician who determines admission or not

Question 17

What is an acronmyn used for violence risk assessment?

Answer 17

STAMPEDAR
- Staring
- Tone of voice
- Anxiety
- Mumbling
- Pacing
- Emotions
- Disease process
- Assertive behaviour
- Resources

Question 18

What are medications used for suicidal patients?

Answer 18

1. TCAs (Tricyclic antidepressants)
2. MAOIS (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
3. SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Question 19

What is a potentially fatal adverse effect of antidepressants?

Answer 19

Serotonin syndrome

Question 20

What are signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

Answer 20

• hyperactivity
• mental confusion
• agitation
• shivering
• sweating
• fever
• lack of coordination
• serizures
• diarrhea

Question 21

What is the effect of antipsychotics?

Answer 21

Relieve positive symptoms of schizophrenia
(Hallucination and delusions)

Question 22

What are three adverse effects of Antipsychotics?

Answer 22

1. Extrapyramidal Symptoms
2. Hyperglycemia and Diabetes
3. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Question 23

What are some example of symptoms of EPS?

Answer 23

• Akinesia (reduction of spontaneous activity)
• Akathesia (excessive degree of restlessness)
• Tremor
• Tardive dyskinesia (irregular, jerky movements)
• Dystonia (involuntary muscle spasm)

Question 24

What is the treatment for EPS?

Answer 24

Anti-cholinergic (Benadryl)
or
Anti-parkinson agent

Question 25

What are the symptoms of NMS?

Answer 25

• Hyperthermia
• Rigidity
• Altered consciousness
• Autonomic dysfuncton

Question 26

What is Schizophrenia?

Answer 26

Collection of illnesses characterized by thought disorders, which reflect a break in reality

Question 27

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 27

Loses touch with reality and experiences somethings that is absent (hallucinations)

Question 28

What are Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?

Answer 28

Disruptions in normal emotional states and expressions