Module 5 - Meiosis

Question 1

• Process of cell division that happens to germ cells wherein gametes are formed and the number of chromosomes is halved.
• Single germ cell divides into four unique daughter cells.

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

Types of Cells that create gametes

Answer 2

Germ Cells

Question 3

-Exists in homologous pairs that carry our genetic information.

Answer 3

Chromosome

• Homologous pair before replication ( | | ) [Chromatid]
• Homologous pair after replication ( X X ) [Sister Chromatid]

Question 4

• One copy of each chromosome
• designated as “n”, the number of chromosome in one ‘set’.
• Gamete Cells

Answer 4

Haploid

Question 5

• Two sets of chromosomes (two of each)
• designated as “2n”
• Somatic Cells

Answer 5

Diploid

Question 6

2 Stages of Meiosis

Answer 6

• Meiosis I (Reduction Division)

- Meiosis II (Mitotic Division)

Question 7

• Still happens in Meiosis I

- Chromosome replicates

Answer 7

Interphase

Rarely Happens in Meiosis II; No more DNA Replication

Question 8

4 Phases in Meiosis I

Answer 8

Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I

Question 9

Prophase I

Answer 9

• Synapsis to Tetrad
• Crossing over
• Chiasmata
• Forming of aster fibers
• Centriole form spindle fibers

Question 10

-Occurs when 2 of homologous chromosomes come together to form a Tetrad ( XX )

Answer 10

Synapsis

Question 11

-2 Chromosomes or 4 Chromatids

Answer 11

Tetrad

Question 12

• Non-sister chromatids at the chiasmata breaks segments and reattaches to the other non-sister chromatid.
• Exchange of particular genetic trait from one non-sister chromatid to another.

Answer 12

Crossing Over

Question 13

Site of Crossing Over

Answer 13

Chiasmata (Chiasma sing.)

Question 14

• Metaphase plate is created

- Independent assortment (2^n)

Answer 14

Metaphase I

Question 15

Orientation of Homologous pair towards the poles is randomized during Metaphase I

Answer 15

Independent assortment

Question 16

• Sister Chromatids remain attached to centromeres

- Homologous chromosomes separate and moves toward the opposite poles.

Answer 16

Anaphase I

Question 17

• Each pole now has haploid set of chromosomes

- Cytokinesis occurs and two haploid daughter cells are formed.

Answer 17

Telophase I

Question 18

4 Stages of Meiosis II

Answer 18

Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II

Question 19

-Spindle fiber starts to appear as well as aster fibers

Answer 19

Prophase II

Question 20

• Metaphase plate is present

- Instead of tetrad, it is only a homologous pair

Answer 20

Metaphase II

Question 21

-Spindle fibers pull the chromatids to the poles of the cell

Answer 21

Anaphase II

Question 22

• 4 daughter cells are formed that have unique individual traits.
• Cytokinesis occurs and four diploid daughter cells are formed

Answer 22

Telophase II

Question 23

-Process of production of Haploid sex cells

Answer 23

Gametogenesis

Question 24

Process of producing sperm cell in the testes to produce spermatozoa

Answer 24

Spermatogenesis

Question 25

Production of ovum in the ovary

Answer 25

Oogenesis

Question 26

Are byproducts of oogenesis where these cells have little to no cytoplasm

Answer 26

Polar bodies

Question 27

Fusion of sperm and egg cell to form a zygote

Answer 27

Fertilization