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Microprocessor > Module 5 - 7 > Flashcards

Module 5 - 7 Flashcards

1
Q

All information in a computer is stored and manipulated in the form of what?

A

Binary

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2
Q

They can be found at the heart of every digital computer and are one of the most important parts of a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

A

Functions of an Arithmetic Logic Unit

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3
Q

It is a small amount of storage available as part of a CPU.

A

Register

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4
Q

These are used to manipulate binary numbers since there are only two possible states of a switch: open or closed.

A

Transistor switches

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5
Q

It provides further information about the status of a result: if it is zero, if there is a carry out, or if an overflow has occurred.

A

Flags

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6
Q

ALU

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit

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7
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

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8
Q

FPU

A

Floating - point unit

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9
Q

GPU

A

Graphics processing unit

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10
Q

MAR

A

Memory address register

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11
Q

MBR

A

Memory Buffer Register

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12
Q

I/O AR

A

I/O address Register

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13
Q

I/O I3R

A

I/O Buffer Register

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14
Q

PC

A

Program Counter

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15
Q

IR

A

Instruction Register

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16
Q

FILO

A

First in and Last out

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17
Q

MDR

A

Memory Data Register

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18
Q

It is basically a storage space for units of memory that are used to transfer data for immediate use by the CPU (Central Processing Unit) for data processing.

A

Register

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19
Q

It is used to indicate occurrence of a certain condition during an operation of the CPU.

A

Flag Register

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20
Q

It stores data values fetched from main memory in the accumulator for arithmetic or logical operation.

A

Accumulator Register

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21
Q

It is located inside the ALU, It is used during arithmetic & logical operations of ALU.

A

Accumulator Register

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22
Q

Program Counter register is also known as

A

Instruction Pointer Register

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23
Q

It is used for exchanging data between the I/O module and the processor.

A

I/O Buffer Register (I/O I3R)

24
Q

This register holds the address of memory where CPU wants to read or write data.

A

Memory Address Register (MAR)

25
Q

This register holds the contents of data or instruction read from, or written in memory.

A

Memory Buffer Register (MBR)

26
Q

it’s used to store the data that will be stored or will be fetched from the computer memory

A

Memory Data Register (MDR)

27
Q

it’s to act as a buffer as it can store anything that can be copied from the computer memory and can be used by the processor for further operations.

A

Memory Data Register (MDR)

28
Q

a set of memory blocks; the data is stored in and retrieved from these blocks in an order

A

Stack control Register

29
Q

This register holds the initial data to be operated upon, the intermediate results, and the final result of operation.

A

Accumulator Register

30
Q

The control unit takes instruction from this register, decodes and executes it by sending signals to the appropriate component of computer to carry out the task.

A

Instruction Register (IR)

31
Q

It’s used to specify the address of a particular I/O device.

A

I/O Address Register

32
Q

This register is used to store the address of the next instruction to be fetched for execution.

A

Program Counter (PC)

33
Q

it’s a register in a computer processor that contains the address (location) of the instruction being executed at the current time.

A

Program Counter (PC)

34
Q

It transfers data from external devices to processor and memory, and vice versa. It contains internal buffers for temporarily holding this data until it can be sent on.

A

I/O module

35
Q

It’s a temporary storage area built into a CPU

A

Register

36
Q

It’s a component of a computer’s central processing unit (CPU)

A

Control unit

37
Q

The simplest computers use a multicycle microarchitecture

A

Multicycle Control unit

38
Q

the control unit often steps through the Von Neumann Cycle: Fetch the instruction, Fetch the operands, do the instruction, write the results

A

Multicycle computer

39
Q

typically use both the rising and falling edges of their square-wave timing clock

A

Multicycle Control Unit

40
Q

instructions flow through the computer

A

Pipelined Computer unit

41
Q

the control unit arranges for the flow to start, continue, and stop as a program commands.

A

Pipelined Computer unit

42
Q

translate each single instruction into a sequence of simpler instructions

A

Translating Control Units

43
Q

Many modem computers have controls that minimize power usage. In battery-powered computers, such as those in cell-phones, the advantage is longer battery life,

A

Control units for low-powered computers

44
Q

Implemented through use of combinational logic units, featuring a finite number of gates

A

Hardwired Control Unit

45
Q

the control signals that are important for instruction execution control are generated by specially designed hardware logical circuits

A

Hardwired Control Unit

46
Q

The idea of microprogramming was introduced by _____ in 1951

A

Maurice Wilkes

47
Q

______ were organized as a sequence of microinstructions and stored in special control memory

A

Microprograms

48
Q

Subsequent instruction words are fetched into the instruction register in a normal way.

A

microprogrammed control units

49
Q

A process that continually fetches instructions from a memory store, decodes them into operations and executes them to perform a calculation

A

Fetch - decodes - execute

50
Q

The part of a computational machine that contains the machine instructions or data for performing general purpose calculations.

A

Memory Unit

51
Q

Perform by a memory unit

A

Fetch

52
Q

Perform by a Control Unit

A

Decode

53
Q

Perform by a arithmetic unit

A

Execute

54
Q

It also decodes instructions and makes sure the correct system operations are consequently performed

A

Control Unit

55
Q

An ______ is a hardware subsystem that performs arithmetic operations on binary inputs.

A

arithmetic unit

Microprocessor (1 decks)

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