Module 5

Question 1

alignment

Answer 1

a situation in which countries share a similar ideology and foreign policy

In an alignment, foreign policy is often guided by a dominant nation.

Question 2

brinkmanship

Answer 2

a diplomatic approach that involves escalating a conflict in the hope that the other side will back down first

Question 3

cold war

Answer 3

a conflict, without an actual war, characterized by tension and competition between the principal adversaries

Question 4

containment

Answer 4

a policy or collection of policies aimed at stopping the spread of a particular ideology

Question 5

détente

Answer 5

a period of lessening tensions

Question 6

deterrence

Answer 6

a defense strategy that consists of having sufficient military resources to make an attack by an aggressor likely to result in the aggressor’s destruction

Question 7

dissuasion

Answer 7

the French policy of maintaining a nuclear arsenal for national defence

Question 8

espionage

Answer 8

spying

Question 9

ethnocentric

Answer 9

a perspective that holds that one’s own culture is superior

Question 10

expansionism

Answer 10

a policy of spreading ideological and political influence beyond the status quo

Question 11

hot war

Answer 11

a war that involves actual combat between military forces; the opposite of a cold war

Question 12

humanitarianism

Answer 12

a doctrine that promotes improvement to the standard of living or quality of life of others, often through outside intervention

Question 13

Iron Curtain

Answer 13

the physical and ideological divide between the liberal democracies of the West and the nations under the domination of the Soviet Union

Question 14

liberation movement

Answer 14

a term used to describe a situation in which people within a nation rebel against a foreign power that has traditionally dominated or controlled the nation

Question 15

McCarthyism

Answer 15

the term given to the movement to root out and expose potential communists within American society during the 1950s

Question 16

proxy war

Answer 16

a war in which one superpower fights with or provides support to a nation struggling against an enemy backed by a rival superpower

Question 17

satellite state

Answer 17

a previously independent nation that has fallen under the control or ideological influence of a larger, more powerful state

Question 18

self-interest

Answer 18

consideration of one’s personal position, often without regard for the welfare of others

Question 19

sphere of influence

Answer 19

the group of nations subject or receptive to the domination, guidance, or influence of a superpower

Question 20

summit

Answer 20

a meeting between two or more heads of state

Question 21

superpower

Answer 21

a nation with sufficient economic and military resources to have significant global influence

Question 22

war on terror

Answer 22

a term used to describe actions taken to combat global terrorism in the wake of the 9/11 attacks on the United States