Module 5 Flashcards
The thyroid glands produces
There are 3
T3, t4, and calcitonin
Nitric oxide
Is a second messenger
Cortisol
Stimulates gluconeogenesis
The hormone that helps regulate the body’s internal clock is
Melatonin
Lactogenic hormone is another name for
Prolactin
The posterior pituitary gland releases
ADH
Androgens, which are similar to testosterone are
Keyword A
Secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
Which of the following is not a tropic hormone
Prolactin
Steroid hormones
Cause protein synthesis in the cell
Which of the following substances is absorbed by the large intestine
There are 3
Salts, vitamin K, and water
Which of the following is/are functions of the pancreas
There are 3
Produces enzymes that digest protein, produces protein that digest fat, and produces substance that neutralizes hydrochloric acid produced in the stomach
Protein digestion
There 3
End products are amino acids, uses peptidase made in small intestines, and uses trypsin in the pancreas
The tube that drains bile from the liver is the
Hepatic duct
The part of the stomach that joins with the small intestine is the
Pylorus
Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive system
Salivary glands
The function of bile is to
Emulsify fat and remove cholesterol from the body
A full set of permanent teeth consists of
32 teeth
ATP
Serves a direct source of energy for the cell
Vitamins are
Organic compounds
Radiation is the
Flow of heat waves from the blood
Usable energy in the ATP molecule is stored in the
Bone between the second and third phosphate groups
Minerals are
Inorganic substances and attached to enzymes to help them work
Glycolysis
Has pyruvic acid as an end product
Convection is the
Transfer of heat energy to air that is continually flowing away from the skin
The process of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
Produce ATP
The corpus luteum secretes mostly
Progesterone but some estrogen
The placenta releases
Keyword P there are 3
Chorionic gonadotropins, progesterone, and estrogen
The G protein
With non steroid hormone
Insulin
Is made by beta cells, has the opposite effect of glucagon, and decreases the blood glucose level
Prostaglandins, along with several other tissue hormones such as leukotrienes and thromboxane, are sometimes called
Keyword p rhymes with one of your favorite bands
Paracrine agents
The hormone that has the opposite function of calcitonin is
Parathyroid hormone
Steroid hormone have hormone receptors in the
Nucleus of the cell
The use the body makes of food describes which term
Metabolism
Which process breaks food molecules into smaller molecules to release energy
Catabolism
Which process builds up food molecules into more complex molecules
Anabolism
The BMR
Is usually less than the TMR
The citric acid cycle
Occurs in the mitochondria
Basal conditions refer to
Conditions in which the person is awake but resting, not digesting food, or in a cold environment
Which blood vessels allow blood from the digestive system to be sent directly to the liver
Hepatic portal vein
Which of the following is an extension of the peritoneum
Key word um
Mesentery and the greater omentum
The layer of the digestive tract contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue is the
Submucosa
The part of the stomach to the left and above the opening of the esophagus into the stomach is the
Fundus
Which bone does not make up part of the hard palate
Ethmoid bone
Which of the following processes does not occur in the digestive system exclusively
Metabolism
Which of the following is not considered an example of mechanical digestion
Amylase acting on food in the mouth
Which of the following is not a main part of the tooth
Cuspid
Which of the following is not a name for the open ended through which food passes
Digestive system
At the hepatic flexure, the
ascending colon becomes the transverse colon
bile
causes the emulsification of lipids, is made in the liver, and works in the small intestine.
The semisolid mixture in the stomach is called
chyme
Amylase is made in the
salivary glands and pancreas
From which salivary gland do the ducts that open on either side of the lingual frenulum come?
Submandibular gland
Cortisol
is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex, is a glucocorticoid, and has an anti-immunity effect.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a steroid hormone?
It uses cAMP as a second messenger
Diabetes insipidus is caused by a hyposecretion of
ADH
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nonsteroid hormone?
It causes protein synthesis to occur
Aldosterone increases
blood sodium levels.
In one molecule of ATP there are:
two high-energy bonds.
Nonessential amino acids
can be made by the body from other substances
To safely lose weight:
decrease caloric intake to below TMR
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
Produces vitamin A.
The electron transport system:
occurs in the mitochondria and follows the citric acid cycle
Metabolism includes
anabolism and catabolism
proteins
. are usually used by the body for catabolism and can enter glycolysis for energy release.
Proper nutrition requires the correct balance of three types of food. They are:
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Besides the three basic types of food, good nutrition requires
vitamins and minerals
The thymus gland
Keyword thy
produces thymosin
Aldosterone
is produced in the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
The pineal gland is
sometimes called the “third eye.”
Nonsteroid hormones can cause
the formation of cyclic AMP.
The posterior pituitary gland is called
the neurohypophysis
Aldosterone has an impact on the concentration of which substance in the blood?
Both potassium and sodium
Which of the following is not true of prostaglandins?
They are typical hormones
Which of the following statements is correct?
The cystic duct and hepatic duct join to form the common bile duct
Lining each tooth socket is
a periodontal membrane.
In which part of the small intestine does most of the chemical digestion occur?
Duodenum
Trypsin
is important in protein digestion.
The largest of the salivary glands is the
parotid gland.
