Module 5 Flashcards
What is the rate determining step?
It is the slowest step in a reaction.
What is the rate equation!
Rate = k[A] ^m [B] ^n
What is half life?
Time taken for concentration of the reactant to reduce by half.
K = In 2 / t * 0.5
What is the Arrenhius equation?
k = Ae ^-Ea/RT
In k = - Ea/RT + In A
Temperature affects the rate equation.
What is an acid?
Proton donor
What is a base?
Proton acceptor.
What’s the equation for pH?
pH = - log[H^+ (aq) ]
How do you find out the concentration of hydrogen ions?
[H^+ (aq) ] = 10^-pH
What is the ionic product of water?
Kw = [H^+] [OH^-]
Kw = 1 x 10 ^-14
In pure water: [H^+] = [OH^-]
So Kw =[H^+] ^2
What is Ka?
Ka = [H^+] [A^-] / [HA]
What are the assumptions for weak acids?
1) [H^+] = [A^-]
2) [HA] ~ [HA]
So Ka = [H^+] ^2 / [HA]
How do you make a buffer?
- Weak acid and conjugated base
2. Weak acid and strong alkali
What is the equivalence point?
Point in titration when solution in conical flask has reached exactly with the solution in the burette.
What is entropy.?
Entropy is the measure of the disorder Iof a system.
🔺S = S (final) - S(initial)
= total entropy of products - total entropy of reactants
When is a reaction spontaneous?
When 🔺G < 0
i. e. When 🔺G ( Free energy) is negative
