Module 5-10

Question 1

the simplified graphical presentation of elements of the life table.

Answer 1

Survivorship Curve

Question 2

is a “groufie” of a population at a specific moment in time.

Answer 2

Age structure

Question 3

are a record of the birth and death rates for organisms at different life stages.

Answer 3

Life tables

Question 4

is how population size changes in size and composition over of time.

Answer 4

Population Growth

Question 5

Limits to population growth

Answer 5

Environmental resistance factors

Question 6

The continuous population increase in an unlimited environment

Answer 6

exponential growth model

Question 7

refers to the total number of individuals that the environment can support.

Answer 7

Carrying Capacity

Question 8

Environmental checks that affect population growth is by

Answer 8

demographic processes

Question 9

Demographic processes which are biotic, like disease and predation.

Answer 9

1. Density-Dependent Factors

Question 10

demographic processes which are abiotic, like temperature, weather, light) does not factor in the size of the population.

Answer 10

2. Density-Independent Factors

Question 11

Dominant Allele

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Recessive Allele

Answer 12

a

Question 13

Different Allele type

Answer 13

Heterozygous

Question 14

Same allele type

Answer 14

homozygous

Question 15

defined through four primary parameters

Answer 15

Complexity

Question 16

4 elements of Complexity

Answer 16

Nonlinearity
Connectivity
Autonomy
Adaptation

Question 17

gives us exponential relations through non-additive interactions and feedback loop

Answer 17

• Nonlinearity,

Question 18

networks that indicate the degree of how things flow in the network.

Answer 18

• Connectivity,

Question 19

enables self-organization and the process of evolution that shapes complex systems on macro scales

Answer 19

• Autonomy and
• Adaptation

Question 20

3 measurements for complexity

Answer 20

Spatial
Temporal
Structural

Question 21

measured based on the geographical situation.

Answer 21

• Spatial,

Question 22

measured based on population.

Answer 22

Temporal

Question 23

is the relationship within the ecosystem.

Answer 23

Structural

Question 24

Constructed depending 4 different kinds of connectivity networks:

Answer 24

• Planar
• Random
• Scale-free
• Small-world

Question 25

- Means the variability among living organisms from the land, the seas, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes which they are part of.

Answer 25

Biological/Biotic Diversity

Question 26

Is the sum total of information contained in the genes of species of plants, animals, or microorganisms.

Answer 26

Genetic Diversity

Question 27

Refers to the variety of species, including their abundance, distribution and functions, or interactions within a given spatial context.

Answer 27

Species Diversity

Question 27

* compares the similarity of the population size of each of the species present

Answer 27

Evenness

Question 27

is a measure of organisms living in a spoonful of soil.

Answer 27

* Richness

Question 28

Refers to the distribution and abundance of habitats, biotic communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere

Answer 28

o Ecosystem Diversity

Question 29

o Describes the type of elements and the number of representative present at each level.

Answer 29

Compositional Biodiversity

Question 30

o Describes the variety of arrangement of these components i.e. variety of ways in which different habitats, species or genes are arranged over space or time.

Answer 30

Structural Biodiversity

Question 31

o Is the variety of biological processes functions or characteristics of a particular ecosystem/area.

Answer 31

Functional Biodiversity

Question 32

community roles. Large impact. No other species can fill its ecological niche or role.

Answer 32

1. Keystones species,

Question 33

takes up space that thy protect other species as well. Require large home range.

Answer 33

Umbrella species,

Question 34

sensitive to changes, work well in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Answer 34

3. Indicator species

Question 35

popular and charismatic, serve as symbols. Serve as an ambassador.

Answer 35

Flagship species,

Question 36

is a location that is both biologically rich and deeply threatened. highlight the link between biodiversity and conservation.

Answer 36

Biodiversity hotspot concept

Question 37

Give 5 biodiversity hotspot

Answer 37

1. Atlantic forest, Tropical South America 2. Cape Floristic Region, South Africa 3. Cerrado, Brazil 4. Coastal Forest, Eastern Africa 5. Himalaya 6. Indo-Burma 7. Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands, Mexico and Southern US 8. Mesoamerica 9. Polynesia-Micronesia 10. Philippines

Question 38

is the complex pattern of biodiversity distribution.

Answer 38

Ecoregion

Question 39

“Coldspots.”

Answer 39

Huge expanses of the cold places in the planet dubbed as biodiversity are called

Question 40

, a clearly defined geographical space recognized, dedicated and managed through legal or other effective means. Critical for maintaining a healthy environment for people and nature.

Answer 40

Protected area

Question 41

known as the “National Integrated Protected Ares Systems (NIPAS) Act.

Answer 41

RepublicAct 7586

Question 42

refers to the sustainable utilization of major natural resources, such as land, water, air, minerals, forests, fisheries, and wild flora and fauna.

Answer 42

natural resource management

Question 43

4 ecosystem services

Answer 43

1. Provisioning food, clean water, fuel, and wood. 2. Regulating climate, disease, and cleanliness 3. Cultural or aesthetic 4. Nutrient cycling, production

Question 44

3 Approaches

Answer 44

1. Integrated Water Resource Management 2. Ecosystem Approach 3. Integral Coastal Zone Management