Module 4.2

Question 1

Immunity

Answer 1

body-specific protecting response (3rd line)

Question 2

Inflammatory response

Answer 2

body response to tissue injury (2nd line)

Question 3

Passive immunity

Answer 3

Hep. b immune globulin and mother to baby (breastfeeding)

Question 4

Active immunity

Answer 4

immunizations

Question 5

Upper respiratory infection

Answer 5

can affect the larynx and trachea, if you palpate over the brows and under the eyes, and its tender it usually indicates fluid build up

Question 6

Rhinitis

Answer 6

inflammation of nasal mucosa and mucosa of the sinuses. usually caused by pathogens or allergies. Treatment: antihistamine or decongestant

Question 7

Sinusitis

Answer 7

known as rhinosinusitis. inflammation of the mucous membranes, swelling can cause a blockage of the drainage of secretions which can cause a sinus infection.

Question 8

Different types of pneumonia as well as patho

Answer 8

slide 18 and 19

Question 9

Different types of oxygen

Answer 9

nasal cannula- clear tubes, like snake teeth
high flow nasal cannula- green tubing
simple mask- has to be at least 6 or higher L of O2
non-rebreather- 100% mask

Question 10

Medications for pneumonia

Answer 10

expectorant- reduces the thickness of mucous (mucinex or guafinisen)
antibiotics
antitussive- acts on the cough center of the brain (dextromethorphan or codeine)
steroids- decreased inflammation in the airways (prednisone and fluticasone)

Question 11

Cellulitis

Answer 11

infection of the skin and sub-Q tissue. bacteria enter causing redness, swelling, pain, etc.. to assess marks around the redness to monitor for spreading

Question 12

Osteomyelitis

Answer 12

infection in the bone. seen in diabetic patients it’s bacterial. 70-80% is caused by MRSA. Labs elevated WBC, CRP, and ESR (could be normal in chronic osteo)
X-ray: soft tissue swelling, areas of irregular decalcification, or bone necrosis

Question 13

Appendicitis

Answer 13

The appendix becomes inflamed and edematous from becoming kinked or occluded. Pain is localized in the right lower quadrant within a few hours
Mcburneys point-halfway between the umbilicus and R anterior superior iliac crest; press and release  PAIN

Question 14

Sprain

Answer 14

Injury to ligaments and supporting muscle fibers that surround a joint
Assessment: 3 S’s:
Size, Shape, and Symmetry and compare the affected side to the unaffected side

Question 15

Grade of sprain

Answer 15

1st degree: mild; tear of only a few fibers; minor edema, tenderness, muscle spasm; no noticeable loss of function; able to bear weight
2nd degree: incomplete tear of ligament; ecchymosis and edema present; movement of joint is painful and restricted
3rd degree: complete ligament tear; significant pain, muscle spasm, ecchymosis, edema, loss of function; unable to bear weight

Question 16

RICE

Answer 16

rest, ice (Intermittent use 20-30min for first 24-48hrs), compression (vasoconstriction = decreases bleeding, edema, discomfort) , and elevation

Question 17

thrombophlebitis vs chronic venous insufficiency