Module 41: Information Technology Flashcards
(262 cards)
Information System
Processes data and transactions to provide users with the info. they need to plan, control and operate an org.
What are 3 benefits of computer processing?
1) Reduces or eliminates processing time
2) Prevents computational errors
3) Prevents errors in processing routine transactions
IT Systems, Office Automation Systems
Designed to improve productivity by supporting daily work of employees.
eg. Spreadsheets and e-mail
IT Systems, Transaction Processing Systems
Involve the daily processing of transactions
eg. Airplane reservation systems and cash receipts
IT Systems, Management Reporting Systems
Designed to help with the decision-making process by providing access to computer data
IT Systems, Management Reporting Systems, Management Information Systems
Provide past, present and future info. for planning , organizing and controlling the operations of the org.
IT Systems, Management Reporting Systems, Decision Support Systems
Combines models and data to resolved nonstructured problems with extensive user involvement.
IT Systems, Management Reporting Systems, Expert Systems
Applies reasoning methods to data in a specific relatively structured area to render advice or recommendations - like a human expert.
IT Systems, Management Reporting Systems, Executive Information Systems
Specifically designed to support executive work.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
1) The Planning Phase
2) The Analysis Phase
3) The Design Phase
4) The Development Phase
5) The Testing Phase
6) The Implementation Phase
7) The Maintenance Phase
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), what are the 5 major activities of the planning phase?
1) Identify the problem(s) the proposed system will solve
2) Design the system to be developed
3) Determine the project scope - what the new system will do and how it will be evaluated
4) Develop a project plan - activities that will be performed, and the individuals and resources needed
5) Evaluate the initial feasibility of the project - determining the projects technical, organizational, and economical feasibility.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Analysis Phase
This phase is to understand the requirements for the proposed system. Processing, data, and logic models help determine the system requirements.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Analysis Phase, Needs Assessment
Involves determining the requirements for the system in terms of process, data capture, info and reporting.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Analysis Phase, Gap Analysis
Examines the differences between the required system and the existing system.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Analysis Phase, what (8) basic info do system specification documents contain?
1) Performance levels
2) Reliability
3) Quality
4) Interfaces
5) Security and privacy
6) Constraints and limitations
7) Functional capabilities
8) Data structures and elements
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Design Phase
Build a technical blueprint of the purposed system
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), what are the 5 components of the design phase?
1) Databases
2) User interfaces for input and output
3) Required reports
4) Programs
5) Infrastructure and controls
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), The Development Phase
Documents from the design phase are transformed into the actual system.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), what are 4 tests that should be performed during the testing phase?
1) Unit testing - testing units or pieces of code
2) System testing - testing the integration of units or pieces of code into a system
3) Integration testing - testing whether separate systems can work together.
4) User acceptance testing - determines whether the system meets the business requirements and enables users to perform their job efficiently and effectively.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), what are the 4 methods used during the implementation phase?
1) Parallel implementation
2) Plunge implementation
3) Pilot implementation
4) Phased implementation
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), Implementation Phase, Parallel Implementation
Uses both systems until it is determined that the new system is operating properly.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), Implementation Phase, what is an advantage of parallel Implementation?
Full operational test of the new system with less risk of system disaster
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), Implementation Phase, what is an disadvantage of parallel Implementation?
Additional work and cost during the period in which both systems are in use.
The Systems Development Lifecycle (SDLC), Implementation Phase, Plunge Implementation
Ceases using the old system and begin using the new system immediately.