Module 4 - Stimulus Control PPT Flashcards
Definition of stimulus control
Stimulus control happens when we bring a behavior under the control of appropriate time, place, & circumstance
Stimulus control & the ABC sequence
Antecedent - Behavior - Consequence
Technically, stimulus control is demonstrated when…
The antecedent (A) is followed by the desired behavior (B);
The desired behavior (B) is followed by a positive consequence (C); and
The presence of the antecedent (A) is correlated with an increased frequency of positive consequence (C)
Basic principles for teaching behavior (aka developing stimulus control)
Behavior is learned; therefore, behavior can be taught
To teach behavior we must:
- tune into desirable behavior
- create the conditions under which it can occur
- reinforce the behavior when it occurs
Based on behavioral principles
- set the stage for learning (A)
- provide consequences (C) to increase the chances the behavior (B) will occur again
Steps in task analysis
Identify pre-requisite skills
Identify materials needed to perform the task
List the components of the task
List the order in which the components must be performed
Task analysis
Breaking down a complex behavior into is component parts
Slow down & notice steps needed
Present steps in observable, measurable language
Use for pre-assessment
Use to teach complex skills
Use to evaluate progress toward instructional objectives
Prompting sequence
Verbal cue to perform the task
- wait 10 seconds
Verbal direction
- wait 10 seconds
Modeling
- wait 10 seconds
Physical prompt
- wait 10 seconds
Total assistance
Effective prompting
Short
Descriptive
As weak as possible
Fade as soon as possible
Avoid unintentional prompts
Within-stimulus prompts
Time delay
Pictorial prompts
Movement prompt
Position prompt
Redundancy cues
- provides a cue about the correct response that involves an exaggerated feature of the correct response
Behavioral Chaining
Systematically & differentially reinforcing approximations of the target behavior
Begin with the first or last step in the task analysis
Errorless Learning
Arranging the environment so that from the very first time students practices a skill, they get it right
Specific antecedent
Increases use of positive consequence
Builds a history of responding correctly
More likely to demonstrate behavior in the future
Factors affecting the development of stimulus control
Pre-attending skills
Stimulus presentation
- specificity of directions
- opportunity to respond
- pacing of response opportunities
Reinforcement
Transfer of Stimulus Control
Fading is used to gradually remove the stimulus control technique
One at a time, elements of the stimulus control technique are changed or removed
- prompting sequence
- time delay
- response prompts
