Module 4 Sec 3-5

Question 1

Political Machine

Answer 1

An organized group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for political and financial support

Question 2

Political Boss

Answer 2

Controlled access to municipal jobs and business licenses

Question 3

Influenced courts, use of money and power to improve their city

Answer 3

Political Bosses

Question 4

Where did the strength of political machines lie?

Answer 4

With the immigrants and working class

Question 5

What did political machines do to guarantee they won elections?

Answer 5

Voter fraud, grafting

Question 6

Graft

Answer 6

The illegal use of political influence for personal gain

Question 7

Why were political machines so successful in the late 1800s?

Answer 7

The police rarely interfered in their business, helped businesses perform illegal activities under the radar

Question 8

Why did Tammany Hall have so much support from immigrants?

Answer 8

Promised immigrants jobs and other necessities for votes

Question 9

Kickbacks

Answer 9

Illegal payments for the services political machines offer

Question 10

Tammany Hall

Answer 10

Main local political machines of the democratic party, led by Boss Tweed

Question 11

William Tweed “Boss Tweed”

Answer 11

Head of Tammany hall, defrauded NYC, stole millions of dollars

Question 12

Tweed ring

Answer 12

Group of people in NYC who worked with and for Boss Tweed

Question 13

Thomas Nast

Answer 13

The political cartoonist who helped provoke public outrage after Tammany Hall’s grafts

Question 14

Patronage

Answer 14

The practice of giving government jobs to to people who had helped a candidate get elected

Question 15

Spoils System

Answer 15

People who owed their jobs to political connections (related to patronage)

Question 16

Civil Service

Answer 16

Government administration jobs

Question 17

rutherford B. Hayes

Answer 17

republican president who took office in 1877

Question 18

Stalwarts

Answer 18

Supports political boss Roscoe Conkling opposed changing the spoils system

Question 19

Half-Breeds (reformers)

Answer 19

Wanted civil service and a merit system

Question 20

Main difference that divided the Stalwarts and the Half-Breeds (reformers)

Answer 20

Patronage

Question 21

1880 Election

Answer 21

James Garfield elected as president but was killed and Chester Arthur stepped in

Question 22

Mugwumps

Answer 22

republican political activists, wanted reform, intensely opposed political corruption

Question 23

Half Breeds

Answer 23

Wanted reform but loyal to the republican party

Question 24

James Garfield

Answer 24

Elected in 1880, Ohio congressman, assassinated months after inauguration

Question 25

Charles Guiteau

Answer 25

Mentally unstable layer who shot James Garfield, wanted Chester Arthur to take over

Question 25

Charles Guiteau

Answer 25

The mentally unstable layer who shot James Garfield wanted a stalwart to take over

Question 26

Chester A Arthur

Answer 26

Turned reformer after he became president

Question 27

Pendleton Civil Service Act

Answer 27

Established a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to government jobs by means of the merit system

Question 28

Civil Service Commission

Answer 28

regulates the employment and working conditions of civil servants

Question 29

Civil Service Examination

Answer 29

Determined individuals merit based on performance on the examination

Question 30

Grover Cleveland

Answer 30

Promoted civil service reform and merit system of advancement for government jobs

Question 31

1884 Election

Answer 31

Democratic party won a presidential election for first time in 28 years with Grover Cleveland

Question 32

Tariff

Answer 32

Tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports

Question 33

Benjamin Harrison

Answer 33

Grandson of William Henry Harrison, campaign was financed mostly by large contributions from companies that wanted higher tariffs

Question 34

1888 Election

Answer 34

Cleveland won popula vote but Harris took majority of the elecoral college and the presidency

Question 35

William McKinley

Answer 35

raised protective tariffs to promote american industry