Module 4- Muscular Function and Aging Flashcards
heart, branching chains
cardiac
bones, long
skeletal muscle
in organs, spindle shaped
smooth muscles
muscle
thousand of muscle cells, connective tissue wrappings, blood vessels and nerve fibers
fasicle
discrete bundles of muscle cells, segregated by a connective tissue sheath
muscle fiber
elongated multinucleate cell, banded appearance
myofibril
rod-like, composed of sarcomeres, adjacent myofibrils are aligned
composed of myofilaments
sarcomere
thick and thin
myofilaments
general functions of muscles
movement, posture, stabilize joints and generate heat
a muscle that crosses on the LATERAL side of a joint produces
abduction
a muscle that crosses on the MEDIAL side of a joint produces
adduction
anterior side produces
flexion
posterior side produces
extension
muscle that opposes and reverse movement of the agonist
antagonist
muscle that helps agonist by adding additional force or stabilization
synergist
inorganic components of bone mineral lose minerals, primarily calcium, becomes a thinned and weakened skeleton
osteopenia
reduced protein synthesis
programmed theory and error theory
lost ability to correctly synthesize proteins
why does demineralization occur
because osteoblasts mature and become senescent osteocytes
osteoporosis
broken bones, pain in back
osteoarthritis
progressive degeneration of cartilage in synovial capsule
stiffness, pain
gouty arthritis
kidney disfunction and certain food, sharp pain around big toe
rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disease, inflammation and pain
4 important functions muscle perform for the body
movement, posture, stabilize joints, generate heat
junction between the nervous system and the muscular system is termed
neuromuscular junction
skeletal muscles contract only stimulated by ?
nervous system
sliding filament action
overlap of actin and myosin, calcium related, ATP
what is linked to inactivity
atrophy
blood and adipose tissue are
connective tissue
epithelial tissue does
protection, excretion and filtration
