Module 4: Computer Architecture Flashcards
1930s MIT grad who solved switching problems of circuit design
Claude Shannon
Basic electronic components of a digital system
Digital logic circuits
Series switch vs parallel switch
Series = p and q
Parallel = p or q
1940s and 1950s technology led to the development of modern digital systems (ex calculators, telephone switching)
Electronic devices with the physical states of closed and open corresponding to electronic states, high and low voltage replaced switches
Logic gates
Black box - contains detailed implementation of the circuit and is often ignored while attention is focused on the relation between input and output signals
AND gate
May have more than 2 inputs
OR gate
v
May have more than two inputs
NAND gate
|
Shedder stroke
“Not and”
NOR gate
Pierce arrow
“Not or”
Order of operations:
( )
[NOT gate]
^ v | [NOR gate / XOR gate]
George Boole
English mathematician / one of founders of symbolic logic
Name sake of Boolean
Boolean variable
Any variable that can take only one of two values
Boolean expression
Expression composed of Boolean variable and connectives
Decimal:
Base ?
Digit values ?
Subscript ?
Base 10
each digit is a numb 0-9
Subscript 10
Binary: Base ? Digit values ? Postfix ? Subscript ?
Base 2
Each digit is a num 0-1 (called a bit)
Postfix - b
Subscript 2
Octal: Base ? Digit values ? Postfix ? Subscript ?
Base 8
Each digit is a num 0-7
Postfix o
Subscript 8
Hexadecimal: Base ? Digit values ? Prefix ? Postfix ? Subscript ?
Base 16 Digit is a num 0-9 or letter a-f (10-15) Prefix 0x Postfix h Subscript 16
Nibble
4 bits
Byte
8 bits
Word
16 bits
Double word
32 bits
Positional notation
Each num w/I set num system carries a different weight
Left = most sig
Right = least sig
Order of magnitude
Scientific notation of very large numbers in which each order of magnitude is 10x the prev one
