Module 4: Classification and Evolution Flashcards
What did Carl Linnaeus do?
he devised the Linnaen Classification system
In order , name all the different groups in the classification system
(8)
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What are organisms classified based on?
observable features , they are categorised based on a number of different groups
(taxonomic groups)
What is an individual group known as?
a taxon
How do we construct the binomial name?
by adding the Genus and Species together
The genus goes first
Define what is meant by a species
a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce live , fertile offspring
What are the 5 different kingdoms?
prokaryotae
animalia
fungi
plantae
protoctista
Describe the features of the Prokaryotae Kingdom
4
How do they get their nutrients?
-they have 70S ribosomes
-they are all unicellular organisms
-they don’t have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
-DNA forms a circular loop and isn’t bound to a histone protein
through absorption from the environment through their cell wall or by photosynthesis
Are the remaining 4 Kingdoms eukaryotic?
If so what does this mean regarding their features?
Yes
their DNA is held in a membrane bound nucleus
their cells contain membrane bound organelles
Describe the features of the Animalia Kingdom
1)how do they absorb nutrients?
2)how do they store glucose?
3)how does movement occur
4)describe their cells
4
-they are heterotrophic
-they store glucose as glycogen
-their cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
-movement occurs through protein contraction(muscles)
What does heterotrophic mean?
What does autotrophic mean?
they get their nutrients through ingesting other organisms
they synthesise their own food , mainly through photosynthesis
Describe the features of Plantae
3
-they are multicellular organisms
-they contain a cellulose cell wall and chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll
-they are autotrophic
Describe the features of Fungi
1)multi/uni?
2)what is cell wall made of?
3)can they move or photosynthesise?
4)how do they store glucose
6
-they can be unicellular or multicellular
-often consist of fine threads called hyphae
-cell wall is made of chitin
-they can’t move or photosynthesise
-they are saprophytes
-they store glucose as glycogen
In Fungi , hyphae can form a larger mass, what is this called?
What does saprophyte mean?
a mycelium
they absorb nutrients from around them
Describe the features of Protoctista
1)uni or multi?
2)hetero or auto?
3)how do they move?
4
-they are a diverse kingdom containing organisms that don’t fit in other kingdoms
-can be unicellular or multicellular
-can be heterotrophic or autotrophic
-some move using flagella/cilia and some have no movement mechanism
