Module #4 Flashcards
Solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solvent
Suppose that you did and electrolysis experiment like experiment 4.1 on hydrogen peroxide, which has a chemical formula of H202. If it worked properly, which of the following results would you expect: (a) same as with water, (b) equal amounts of hydrogen and oxygen, (c) twice as much oxygen as hydrogen?
(B) equal amounts of hydrogen and oxygen
Suppose that you performed an experiment 4.1 with the test tube that had a crack in it. Gas could slowly leak out that crack, but not nearly as quickly as it was being made in the experiment. Supposed further that the crack was in the test to the held hydrogen gas. Which chemical formula might result from such a botched to experiment: HO or H4O
HO
Electrolysis
The use of electricity to break a molecule down into smaller units
Epsom salts, which you used in experiment 4.1 has the chemical formula MgSO4. If Mg is the symbol for magnesium, S stands for sulfur, and O represents oxygen, how many of each atom exists in a molecule of Epsom salts?
One magnesium atom, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms.
Calcium carbonate is an ionic substance commonly called “chalk.” If this molecule has one calcium atom (Ca), one carbon atom (C), and three oxygen atoms (O), what is the chemical formula?
CaCO3
Hard Water
Water that has certain dissolved ions in it – predominately calcium and magnesium ions
One of the most common household cleaners is ammonia, which has a chemical formula of NH3. How many atoms are in an molecule of ammonia?
4
A certain molecule is composed of atoms that all pull on electrons with the same strength. Will this molecule be polar?
No
Baking soda dissolves in water. Will it dissolve in vegetable oil, which is a nonpolar substance?
No
What causes surface tension?
Cohesion
Polar Molecule
A molecule that has slight positive and negative charges due to an imbalance in the way electrons are shared
Why is water harder and certain regions of the world than in others?
Because there is a higher amount of
metal-containing substances in some regions than others.
Carbon tetrachloride will not dissolve in water. Is it most likely made of ionic molecules, polar molecules, or nonpolar molecules?
Nonpolar
What is responsible for water being a liquid at room temperature as well as for water’s cohesion?
Hydrogen Bonding
