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Google Networking > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name System. A global and highly distributed network service that resolves strings of letters into IP addresses

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2
Q

Steps of Recursive Name Resolution

A
  1. Contact Root Server, which will return the TLD server that should be queried
  2. Contact the TLD server, which will respond with a redirect to authoritative server.
  3. Contact the authoritative server for that specific domain name
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3
Q

Name Resolution

A

The process of using DNS to turn a domain name into an IP address.

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4
Q

5 Types of DNS servers

A
  1. Caching name servers
  2. Recursive name servers
  3. Root name servers
  4. TLD Name servers
  5. Authoritative Name servers
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5
Q

Caching Name Server

A

Purpose is to store known domain name lookups for a certain amount of time

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6
Q

Recursive name servers

A

Performs full DNS resolution requests to discover correct IP for domain name.

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7
Q

Domain Name TTL

A

A value in seconds that can be configured by the owner of a domain name for how long a name server is allowed to cache an entry before it should discard it and perform a full resolution again

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8
Q

How many root servers are there and how are they distributed

A

13 distributed by across the globe through anycast, a technique used to route traffic to different destinations depending on factors like location, congestion, or link health

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9
Q

TLD

A

Top level domain. Represents the top of the hierarchical DNS name resolution system. it is the last part of a domain like .com, or .biz

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10
Q

What protocol does DNS use

A

UDP. DNS request can fit into a single UDP datagram.

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11
Q

Which port is DNS request sent to on the Caching server

A

53

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12
Q

DNS Resource Record Types

A
  1. A record
  2. AAAA record
  3. CNAME record
  4. MX record
  5. SRV record
  6. TXT record
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13
Q

A record

A

Used to point to certain domain name at a certain IPv4 IP address

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14
Q

Round Robbin

A

Iterating over a list of items one by one in an orderly fashion

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15
Q

Quad A record

A

Used to point to certain domain name at a certain IPv6 IP address

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16
Q

CNAME Record

A

Canonical Name Record.

Ensures that both microsoft.com and www.microsoft.com resolves to the same ip

17
Q

MX record

A

Mail exchange record. Record is used in order to deliver email to the correct server

18
Q

SRV Record

A

Defines the location of various specific services

19
Q

TXT record

A

Text record. Often used to communicate configuration preferences about network services.

Like communicating configuration preferences to an email company that has been entrusted to handle emails services for your company

20
Q

ICANN

A

The internet Corporation for assigned Names and Numbers.

Works in conjunction with the IANA to help define and control the global IP space and DNS

21
Q

Domains

A

Used to demarcate where control moves from a TLD name server to an authoritative name server

22
Q

Fully qualified domain name

A

FQDN. The combined parts of a domain name.

23
Q

Registrar

A

A company that has an agreement with ICAN to sell unregistered domain names.

24
Q

What is the character limit on a FQDN

A

255 characters

25
Q

DNS zones

A

DNS zones are distinct, manageable segments of the Domain Name System (DNS) namespace, which is the hierarchical system responsible for translating human-readable domain names (like example.com) into IP addresses (like 192.0.2.1). DNS zones allow organizations to manage different parts of their domain independently, control how DNS queries are handled, and delegate authority to other entities if needed.

26
Q

How are DNS zones configured

A

Zone files: Simple configuration files that declare all resource records for a particular zone. Zone files must contain and SOA Record and NS records.

SOA (Start of Authority) Record: Defines the authoritative DNS server for the zone, and includes important administrative information.

NS records: indicates other name servers that might also be responsible for this zone

27
Q

Reverse lookup zone files

A

Let DNS resolvers ask for ran IP and get the GQDN associated with it returned

28
Q

Pointer Record

A

PTS. Resolves and IP to a name

Google Networking (4 decks)

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