Module 4 Flashcards
Id
A theoretical structure corresponding to the unconscious that comprises basic drives and instinctual energies
Includes the libido
The powerhouse of the mind according to Freud
Ego
A theoretical structure that includes both the conscious and preconscious and develops out of the id from experiences that help the child distinguish self from other.
Superego
A theoretical structure that is a special part of the ego that punishes or rewards the child with feelings of guilt or shame when internalized values are not followed and with pride and self praise when they are
Social and cultural norms
The conscious part of the mind
The shoulds and should nots
Conscience
The aspect of the superego that contains the should nots
Attachment
Refers to the behavior and emotional reactions of children seeking proximity to a person whom they perceive offers security in an environment in which they fear danger
Coping
The ability to manage present problems without anxiety
Criticism of psychodynamic practice
- hard to prove so not in evidence-based practice
- excludes the social aspect
-doesn’t help clients take practical action to make change. Based on insight only - metaphorical ideas about how the mind works that cannot be seen
- victim blaming
- limited range of interventions
- deterministic (past experience dictates present behavior making it difficult for people to change their own behavior)
- culturally bound in its own time period.
- not appropriate for short-term work
Projection
Unwanted ideas that the ego wants to protect us from become attached in our minds to another person or thing
Splitting
Contradictory ideas and feelings are kept in separate mental compartments and applied to different people or situations, leading to inconsistent behavior
Sublimation
Energy (from the id) that is directed toward unwanted activities (often sexual) is redirected toward more acceptable activities
Rationalization
People believe in acceptable reasons for particular activities and repress emotionally unacceptable reasons for behavior
Psychoanalytic developmental theory
Proposes that the interaction between mental structures leads children to develop through a series of stages
Separation-individuation theory
Infants do not distinguish themselves from the mother and baby and development begins as they learn to see themselves as a separate being, achieving autonomy and adulthood
Primary narcissism
Children start in this stage seeking only gratification of their own needs
Freud’s stages
- Oral
- Anal
- Phallic
- Oedipal
Oral stage
Birth- 1 year
The mouth: sucking, swallowing stages. The libido is centered in a baby’s mouth — so the baby gets satisfaction from putting things in its mouth to satisfy the libido.
Oral stimulation could lead to an oral fixation later in life, such as smoking, biting nails, and sucking one’s thumb. These behaviors are often displayed during times of stress.
Anal stage
1-3 Years
During this phase, the child experiences pleasure from defecating.
The child is now fully aware that they are a person — and that what they want may be in conflict to external demands of their environment.
This conflict is timed with potty training, which can be a conflict with authority.
Later in life, this individual wants to share, give things away, and they are often disorganized, messy, and rebellious.
Phallic stage
Children identify with the same sex parent as they learn to manage appropriate relationships within the family.
The child’s libido centers upon their genitalia. Children in this stage become aware of differences between girls and boys.
Oedipal
Children are attracted to the opposite sex parent as they establish their sexual identity
Unconscious mind
Holds ideas, thoughts and memories that we can’t access and bring into our conscious awareness
Accessible only through psychoanalysis according to Freud
Preconscious mind
Holds ideas, thoughts and memories that we are not currently thinking but can bring into consciousness through concentration
Object relations theory
Focuses on the process by which infants store and internalize images of objects that satisfy their instinctual urges particularly nurturance and connection.
Generally people.
Describes how current patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior are often reflected at the unconscious level based on our childhood experiences with parent figures.
Ego psychology
Psychodynamic theory based on the assumption that people are born with an innate capacity to adapt to their environment.
Emphasizes social influences on our psychological functioning.
Assumes innate drives of mastery and competence are important motivators of human behavior.
Goes beyond Freud’s ego theory.
According to Freud, where does the ego drive all its power and energy from?
The id
Intrapsychic conflict
Dynamic conflicts within a person’s psychic structure; or
Psychosocial conflict
Dynamic conflicts between internal and external (societal) forces.
Latent Stage
6 Years- puberty
Little or no sexual motivation is present. The libido is dormant and no psychosexual development takes place.
The child’s energy is focused on such things as school and friendships.
