MODULE 4 Flashcards
Criteria for Earthquake-Resistant Design (3)
Function
Cost
Reliability
It is necessary to take
into account both limitations and opportunities arising from the availability of construction
materials and components and construction skills.
TRUE
Determination of Structural Form
- be simple;
- be symmetrical;
- not be too elongated in plan or elevation;
- have uniform and continuous distribution of strength;
- have horizontal members which form hinges before the vertical members; and
- have its stiffness related to the sub-soil properties.
Damages Due to Earthquake
- soil damage
- foundation damage
- flexure damage
- shear damage
- faulting
Damages due to soil failure in earthquakes
- liquefaction of soil failure
- bearing capacity failure
- before and after landslide
- retaining wall failure
Foundation structure failure
- dam failure
- pile failure
- piles popping deck slab
- masonry block failure
- pile failure at foundation joint
- foundation joint failure
Superstructure Structural Failure
- failure
- plastic hinge formation
- shear wall failure
- steel column failure
- pancake failure
Secondary Failure During Earthquakes
- soil washed out due to broken pipes under ground
- building resting on side of flyover
Causes of Damage (Earthquakes)
- inadequate resistance to horizontal ground shaking
- soil amplification
- permanent displacement (surface faulting and ground failure)
- irregularities in elevation and plan
- tsunami wave runup
- lack of detailing and poor construction materials
- lack of attention to non-structural elements
Unnecessary horizontal and vertical changes in symmetry, mass, and stiffness will
increase a building’s vulnerability to strong ground shaking.
True
Unusual buildings are likely to be more vulnerable in an earthquake.
True
Simplicity in a building’s floor plan reduces its vulnerability to strong ground shaking.
True
Changing floor plans from simple to complex and from symmetrical to asymmetrical will
increase a building’s vulnerability to ground shaking.
True
