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STS > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The capacity of our planet’s natural systems

A

Sustainability

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2
Q

It is everything that surrounds us

A

Environment

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3
Q

Environment has complex relationships and interconnectedness (T or F)

A

True

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4
Q

Provides natural resources and Ecological services

A

Life-Support system

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5
Q

Interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the living and nonliving parts of the environment

A

Environmental Science

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6
Q

Biology, Chemistry, Physics

A

Natural Sciences

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7
Q

Geography, Economics, Political Science

A

Social Sciences

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8
Q

Ethics

A

Humanities

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9
Q

What are the three goals of Environmental Science

A

To learn how life on the earth has survived and thrived

To understand how we interact with the environment

To find ways to deal with the environmental problems and live more sustainably

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10
Q

Social movement dedicated to sustain the earth’s life-support systems for all lifeforms

A

Environmentalism

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11
Q

Environmentalism refers to working more on political and ethical areas, than in science (T or F)

A

T

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12
Q

Three Scientific Principles of Sustainability

A

Dependence on solar energy

Biodiversity

Chemical/nutrient cycling

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13
Q

___ is what sustains life and allow it to adapt to a continually changing environment

A

Interdependence

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14
Q

These are matter and energy in nature that are essential to humans

A

Natural resources

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15
Q

__, __, and __ are natural resources

A

Inexhaustible, renewable, exhaustible resources

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16
Q

Processes provided by healthy ecosystems that support life and human economies at no monetary cost to us

A

Ecosystem services

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17
Q

__, __, __, __, __, and __ are examples of Ecosystem services

A

Air, water purification, renewal of topsoil, nutrient cycling, pollination, and pest control

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18
Q

Many anthropogenic activities can degrade natural capital, T or F

A

True

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19
Q

Social scientists searches solutions for environmental problems while Environmental scientists looks for economic and political solutions, T or F

A

False

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20
Q

In achieving sustainability, only those who contributed the most are credited, individuals efforts doesn’t matter, T or F

A

False

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21
Q

It finds ways to include harmful environmental and health costs of producing and using foods and services in their market prices

A

Full-cost pricing

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22
Q

Full-cost pricing does not provide consumers an idea of their lifestyles and footprints, T or F

A

False

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23
Q

Full-cost pricing makes more informed decisions, T or F

A

True

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24
Q

Competition and Dominance

A

Win-lose approach

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25
Q

Based on compromise, Benefits both people and environment

A

Win-win approach

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26
Q

We should leave the planet’s life-support systems in at least as good a condition as that which we now enjoy, if not better, for future generations, T or F

A

True

27
Q

It is anything that we can obtain from the environment to meet our needs and wants

A

Resource

28
Q

Continuous supply like geothermal and solar energy

A

Inexhaustible

29
Q

Can be replenished by natural processes within hrs to centuries, as long we do not use it faster than nature can renew it

A

Renewable

30
Q

Fixed quantity or stock in the earth’s crust

A

Nonrenewable / Exhaustible

31
Q

What are the examples of Nonrenewable / Exhaustible?

A

fossil fuels, metallic minerals (copper aluminum), and nonmetallic mineral (salt and sand)

32
Q

About Nonrenewable/Exhaustible resources, Geological processes cannot renew them, but on a scale of millions to billions of years

A

False

33
Q

These are more developed countries

A

USA, Japan, Canada, Australia, Germany, and most European Countries

34
Q

Africa, Asia, and Latin America are less developed. T or F

A

True

35
Q

These are middle-income, moderately developed countries

A

China, India, and Brazil

36
Q

These are low-income or least developed countries

A

Nigeria, Bangladesh, Congo, Haiti

37
Q

Process of wasting, depleting, and degrading

A

Environmental Degradation

38
Q

According to ___ year ___, ___ of Earth’s ecosystem services have been degraded or overused by human activities, mostly since the year __

A

Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005, 60%, 1950

39
Q

Chemical or other agent (noise, heat)

Harmful to the health, survival, or activities of humans and other organisms

A

Contamination of the environment

40
Q

Natural or anthropogenic

At higher concentrations, almost any chemical can cause harm and be classified as pollutant

A

Pollutants

41
Q

__ of a powerplant or __ are examples of Point Sources

A

Smokestack, Factories

42
Q

It is a single, identifiable source and easier to address

A

Point Source

43
Q

Dispersed and often difficult to identify

A

Nonpoint Source

44
Q

__, __, __, and __ are examples of Nonpoint source

A

Displace of chemicals, soil/particles, trash into streams, and lakes

45
Q

Cleaning up or dilution pollutants after their production

A

Cleanup

46
Q

Efforts focused on greatly reducing or eliminating the production of pollutants.

A

Prevention

47
Q

Laws, policies, control, ban, set and low emission levels are aspects of prevention, T or F

A

True

48
Q

Not owned by anyone
Can be used by almost anyone

A

Open-access renewable

49
Q

__, __, and __ are examples of Open-access renewable resources

A

Atmosphere, Ocean and its Resources

50
Q

Grasslands, forests, and streams

Many of these have been degraded

A

Less open, but often shared resources

51
Q

__, year __ quotes “The little bit that I use or pollute is not enough to matter, anyway, it’s a renewable resources.”

A

Garret Hardin, 1968

52
Q

Harmful environmental impact

A

Ecological footprint

53
Q

Average EF of an individual in a given country or area

A

Per capita ecological footprint

54
Q

When total EF for a city, a country, or the world is larger than its biological capacity to replenish its renewable resources and absorb the resulting wastes and pollution

A

Ecological Deficit

55
Q

According to the __, year__. From the __ for Nature, we would need __ planet earth’s to indefinitely sustain the world’s __ rate of total resource use.

A

Living Planet Report, 2013, World Wide Fund, 1.5, 2012

56
Q

Two persons who supports Upcycling

A

William McDonough, and Michael Braungart

57
Q

year __, __ and __ developed a simple model to determine environmental impact of human activities

A

1970, Paul Ehrlich and John Holdren

58
Q

I = __ x __ x __

A

I = P x A x T

59
Q

I: environmental impact of __
P: __
A: __ or __; rate of __ per person
T: __ and __ effects of technologies

A

I: environmental impact of human activities
P: Population size
A: Affluence or wealth; rate of resource consumption per person
T: Beneficial and harmful effects of technologies

60
Q

It emphasizes the use of renewable resources

A

Ecological footprint model

61
Q

It includes environmental impact of using both renewable and nonrenewable resources

A

IPAT model

62
Q

Highly-polluting tech can increase T factor, while clean tech can decrease T factor

A

Technology

63
Q

__ projected that we would need __ planet Earths to indefinitely sustain the rate of resource of the average American

A

WWF, 5

64
Q

A condition in which people are unable to fulfill their basic needs for adequate food, water, shelter, health care, and education

A

Poverty

STS (1 decks)

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