Module 4

Question 1

is defined as “that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of a society”.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

is a natural process of biological changes occurring in a
population across successive generation.

Answer 2

Evolution

Question 3

The development of the different species of primates which were able to evolve in 40 million years ago.

Answer 3

Hominids (Manlike Primates)

Question 4

The apelike men who first to used stone tools as weapons
and protection of their enemies. They are recognized as the first true human.

Answer 4

Homo Habilis (Handy Man)

Question 5

It was believed to be the first man like creature that lived
about 500,000 years ago in Asia, Africa and Europe.

Answer 5

Homo Erectus (The Upright Man)

Question 6

Discovered by Eugene Dubois at Trinil, Java, Indonesia in 1891.

Answer 6

Pithecanthropus Erectus (Java Man)

Question 7

Discovered at Choukoutien village, Beijing, China in 1929.

Answer 7

Sinanthropus Pekinensis (Peking Man)

Question 8

It was believed that this was the direct descendant of modern man who lived about 250,000 years ago.

Answer 8

Homo Sapiens (The Thinking
Man)

Question 9

Discovered in Neanderthal valley near Dusseldorf, Germany in 1856 who lived in cave and dependent in hunting and fishing.

Answer 9

Neanderthal Man

Question 10

Discovered by a French archaeologist Louis Lartet in the Cro Magnon Cave in Southern France.

Answer 10

Cro-Magnon Man

Question 11

4 Biological Capacity of Human to Develop Culture

Answer 11

• Our thinking capacity
• Our gripping capacity
• Our speaking capacity
• Our walking/standing capacity

Question 12

The primary biological component of humans that allowed for culture is the developed brain.

Answer 12

Our thinking capacity

Question 13

This capacity to directly oppose your thumb with your other fingers is an exclusive trait of humans.

Answer 13

Our gripping capacity

Question 14

As the brain is the capacity source of humans’ capacity to comprehend sound and provide meaning to it, the vocal
tract acts as the mechanism by which sounds are produced and reproduced to transmit ideas and values.

Answer 14

Our speaking capacity

Question 15

Primates have two forms of locomotion: bipedalism and
quadropedalism.

Answer 15

Our walking/standing capacity

Question 16

is the capacity to walk and
stand on two feet.

Answer 16

Bipedalism

Question 17

uses all four limbs.

Answer 17

Quadropedalism

Question 18

The physical as well as the mental development of early human beings helped them understand and adapt to their existing environment.

Answer 18

Cultural and Sociopolitical Development

Question 19

Use of simple pebble tools.
Learned to live in caves. Discovered the use of fires. Developed small sculptures; and monumental painting,
incised designs, and reliefs on the wall of caves.
“Food-collecting cultures”

Answer 19

Paleolithic Period (Old Stone Age)
3 million years to 8,000 B.C.

Question 20

Stone tools were shaped by polishing or grinding.
Settlement in permanent villages.
Dependence on domesticated plants or animals.
Appearance of such crafts as pottery and weaving.
“Food-producing cultures”

Answer 20

Neolithic Age (New Stone Age)
Occurred sometime
about 10,000 BCE

Question 21

The used of metal such as bronze, copper, and iron
produced a new historical development form cradles
civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, including
India and China which later on spread throughout
Asia.

Answer 21

Age of Metals
4,000 B.C. – 1,500 B.C

Question 22

The beginning of early man is a proper reference in treating the interesting subject of culture.

Answer 22

Components of Culture

Question 23

It is the physical objects a society produces, things people
create and use. These are tools, furniture, clothing, automobiles, and computer systems, to name a few.

Answer 23

Material Culture

Question 24

A Society’s culture consists of not only physical objects
but also rules for using those objects. Sociologists sometimes refer to this combination of objects and rules as

Answer 24

Technology

Question 25

It consists of elements termed norms, values, beliefs, and language shared by the members of a society.

Answer 25

Non-Material Culture

Question 26

the most defining characteristics of human being
is the ability to develop and use highly complex systems of symbols like

Answer 26

Language

Question 27

Is the very foundation of culture. The essence of culture is the sharing of meanings among members of a society.

Answer 27

Symbol

Question 28

These are ideas that people hold about the universe or any
part of the total reality surrounding them.

Answer 28

Beliefs

Question 29

They are shared ideas about desirable goals. They are the
person’s ideas about worth and desirability or an abstract of what is important and worthwhile.

Answer 29

Values

Question 30

These are shared rules of conduct that specify how people ought to think and act.

Answer 30

Norms

Question 31

These are norms associated with strong ideas of right and
wrong.

Answer 31

Mores

Question 32

These are norms that are simply the customary, normal,
habitual ways a group does things.

Answer 32

Folkways

Question 33

These are often referred to as formal norms. They are rules that are enforced and sanctioned by the authority of the government.

Answer 33

Laws

Question 34

is the primary transnational entity that manages and negotiates matters
relating to human heritage.

Answer 34

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

Question 35

is not limited to material manifestations, such as
monuments and objects that have been preserved over time.

Answer 35

Cultural Heritage