MODULE 4

Question 1

It is the part of the human environment that includes purely physical factors (as soil, climate, watersupply).

Answer 1

Plant-Environment Relationship

Question 2

Development of Plants (2)

Answer 2

∙ Classification of Plants
∙ Factors affecting plants development

Question 3

Classification of Plants
According to life form of plants
(4)

Answer 3

TREES, SHRUBS, LIANAS, SHRUBS

Question 4

is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk,supporting branches and leaves in most species.

Answer 4

Trees

Question 5

is a small- to medium-sized woody plant.

Answer 5

∙ Shrubs

Question 6

are plants with savory or aromatic properties that areused for flavoring and garnishing food, in medicine, or as fragrances

Answer 6

∙ Herbs

Question 6

any of various long-stemmed, woody vines that are rootedinthe soil at ground level and use trees, as well as other means of verticalsupport, to climb up to the canopy to get access to well-lit areas of theforest

Answer 6

Lianas

Question 7

a large area dominated by
trees.

Answer 7

Forest

Question 8

is a low-density forest
forming open habitats with plenty of
sunlight and limited shade.

Answer 8

Woodland
– Woodland,

Question 9

Lichens are a complex life form that is a
symbiotic partnership of two separ ate
organisms, a fungus and an alga.

Answer 9

Lichens are

Question 10

Factors affecting development (5- pwtth)

Answer 10

Plant habitats
Water availability
Temperature
Time
Human

Question 11

Types of plants
∙

Answer 11

Xerophytes
∙ Hygrophytes
∙ Mesophytes
∙ Tropophytes
∙ Deciduous plants
∙ Evergreen plants

Question 12

Temperature (4)
∙

Answer 12

Plant growth
Water availability
Damage:
Frontier:

Question 13

Characteristics of TRF Vegetation (6)

Answer 13

∙ Evergreen forest
∙ Vegetation Layers
∙ Leaves
∙ Drip-tips
∙ Roots
∙ Cauliflory

Question 14

∙ No Seasonal variation
∙ Leaf-growth, flowering, fruiting, leaf-fall……. go on continuously ∙ Trees can live to a great age

Answer 14

Evergreen

Question 15

– very tall tree with broad crown (30-40m)
– few in number

Answer 15

∙ Emergent layer

Question 16

– a continuous cover (20m)

Answer 16

∙ Canopy layer

Question 17

– younger trees (5-15m)

Answer 17

Middle layer

Question 18

– little growth because of shade

Answer 18

∙ Shrub layer and undergrowth

Question 19

∙ Uniform, dark green, glossy, leathery, oval and broad-leaved ∙ Strong insolation and transpiration a heavy cuticle leathery.

Answer 19

Leaves

Question 20

Types of vegetation (7)

Answer 20

∙ Tree species
∙ Epiphytes
∙ Parasites
∙ Tree Ferns
∙ Undergrowth
∙ Saprophytes
∙ Mangrove swamps (riverine)

Question 21

Natural Environment
∙ Among the driest places on earth (———–mm)

Answer 21

<250mm

Question 22

∙ Mean annual temperature above ——-

Answer 22

18

Question 23

—– relative humidity

Answer 23

low

Question 24

Natural Environment:∙
Irregular and unreliable rainfall (true or false)

Answer 24

true

Question 25

Characteristics of the vegetation (amo -3)

Answer 25

Anatomical
Morphological
others

Question 26

Types of vegetation (sen 3)

Answer 26

∙ Succulent perennials
∙ Ephemeral annuals
∙ Non-succulent perennials

Question 27

Extensive root systems (vertical or horizontal)
∙ Deeply penetrating roots reach permanently wet soil or ground water store∙ Horizontal roots may extend for _____- ____m ∙ Low shoot-to-root ratio (1:3.5 to 1:6)

Answer 27

Morphological, 5-20,

Question 28

∙ Cuticularisation produces a watertight and waxy-like surface
∙ Lignification provides mechanical support
∙ Low, rounded shapes can reduce damage by strong wind ∙ Many hairs

Answer 28

Characteristics – Anatomical

Question 29

∙ Sparsely distribution for not enough water supply
∙ Low biomass, few species, lack of competition

Answer 29

Characteristics – others