Module 4 Flashcards
1
Q
risk factors for neonatal resus
A
- PROM
- Bleeding in 2nd/3rd tri
- Hypertension
- Substance abuse
- Diabetes
- Infection
- Heavy sedation
- Previous fetal/neonatal death
- Multiple gestation
- Preterm
- Post term
- LGA
- FGR
- Polyhydramnios/oligo
- DFM
- Non-reassuring CTG
- Abnormal presentation
- Cord prolapse
- Precipitate labour
- APH
- Mec
- Morphine
- Forceps
- Vacuum
2
Q
equipment for general resus
A
- Warmer, light, clock, towels, polybag, stethoscope, pulse oximeter
3
Q
airway management equipment
A
- Suction catheters
- Oropharyngeal airways
- Intubation
- Laryngoscopes with blades
- Batteries
- Endotracheal tubes
- Endotracheal introducer
- Supplies for fixing endotracheal tubes
- End-tidal c02 detector
- Meconium aspirator
- Magill forceps
4
Q
supporting breathing
A
- Face masks
- Positive pressure ventilation (t-piece)
- Oxygen with flow meter
- Feeding tubes for gastric decompression
5
Q
drugs and fluids
A
- Adrenaline ; 1:10 000 concentration (0.1mg/ml) 0.5ml term baby
- N/S
6
Q
pre-ductal sats on right hand (what % sats you would like)
A
1 min - 60-70%
2 min - 65-85%
3 min - 70-90%
4 min - 75-90%
5 min - 80-90%
10 mins - 85-90%
7
Q
choanal atresia
A
- congenital anomaly of the nasal cavity in which there is narrowing of one or both nasal passages. As newborn babies breathe through their nose, in bilateral choanal atresia there is immediate obstructive breathing that is relieved only when the baby cries
8
Q
micrognathia - pierre robin sequence
A
- triad of features that cause respiratory compromise
- small jaw, large tongue and cleft palate
- risk of resp distress 3x greater at 37 weeks compared to 39-40 weeks
9
Q
RDS and hyaline membrane disease
A
- caused by inadequate production of surfactant in the lungs.
- Surfactant is normally produced by type II pneumocytes and has the property of lowering surface tension. Most alveolar surfactant is produced after 30 weeks of gestation. Inadequate surfactant production causes air sacs to collapse on expiration and greatly increases the energy required for breathing
- Leads to hypoxia and retention of co2
- Signs = tachypnoea, expiratory grunting, diminished breath sounds, cyanosis and nasal flaring
10
Q
transient tachypnoea
A
- Aka wet lung
- retained fetal lung fluid and can be complicated by a mild surfactant deficiency. It is more common in infants born by caesarean without labour
- rapid breathing, nasal flaring, sternal recession, grunting and cyanosis
11
Q
meconium aspirate syndrome
A
- breathes a mixture of meconium and amniotic fluid into the lungs around the time of birth. it occurs rarely in infants born at less than 36 weeks gestation. In approximately 10%–15% of labours there is meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). The majority of infants born through MSAF will experience only mild respiratory distress that resolves over 24–48 hours
12
Q
chronic lung disease
A
- need for either mechanical ventilation or CPAP and / or receiving supplemental oxygen at a corrected gestational age of 36 weeks or beyond the 28th day of life. It is a multifactorial condition
- mechanical ventilation, prematurity, severity of respiratory distress syndrome, oxygen toxicity, patent ductus arteriosus, inflammatory changes in the lung and duration of mechanical ventilation
13
Q
air leak syndrome
A
- Pneumothorax is a lung disorder in which air in the lungs leaks out through holes in the lung tissue into the spaces outside the lung airways
- pneumothorax —air leaks into the space between the chest wall and the outer tissues of the lungs
14
Q
pneumomediastinum
A
air leaks into the mediastinum (the space in the thoracic cavity behind the sternum and between the two pleural sacs containing the lungs)
15
Q
pneumopericardium
A
air leaks into the sac surrounding the heart
