module 4

Question 1

phenomenology

Answer 1

a philosophy or method of inquiry based on the premise that reality consists of objects and events as they are perceived or understood in human consciousness

Question 2

Martin Heidegger 1976

Answer 2

• Daesin: “being-in-the-world” the world is a world of things
• Humans find meaning in things (“tools”)
  -Things = Tools (different from objects)
  -Objects are separate from us, but tools exist for us and has qualities
  -clay is object; jug is tool (qualities of jug: void inside, upright/self supporting, walls & base, handle, shape, height, physicality)
  -“It is a thing that has thingness.”
  -the self-supporting jug has to “gather itself for the task of containing”

Question 3

Heidegger “the thing” 1971

Answer 3

• distinction between objects and things
• objects are separate from us, things exist for us
• jug has “thingness”

Question 4

vessel of void

Answer 4

provides emptiness -> jug, sedan car, bathtub, chair, boat, shoes

Question 5

vessel of space

Answer 5

provides structure -> motorcycle, shower, stool, flip flops, inflated rafts

Question 6

ready to hand

Answer 6

ready to be used, completes an action of task that the hand or body cannot
- The hammer, as a tool, is equipment for the hand, gathers itself for the task of equipping the hand

Question 7

present to hand

Answer 7

broken tools that become non tools, still exist but we can’t use them as ready to hand

Question 8

anthropomorphized tools

Answer 8

hammer has a neck, head, face, etc., personification of a tool

Question 9

Graham Harmon 2002

Answer 9

• tool being, object-oriented philosophy, everything is a potential tool
• Heidegger -> abandoned tires in landfill
• Harmon -> tires recycled into roof panels

Question 10

cyborg

Answer 10

cybernetic organism, part machine and part living organism

Question 11

prosthesis

Answer 11

replace to mimic - completes an action that the body can no longer complete, mimics function

Question 12

bionic

Answer 12

replace to enhance - improves the function through technology

Question 13

supernumerary

Answer 13

extra digits or hands, extra of something

Question 14

exoskeleton

Answer 14

• external covering or integument, especially when hard
• used for gait correction, lifting heavy objects, rehabilitation, posture correction

Question 15

Dieter Rams T3 Radio

Answer 15

• silent butler
• unobtrusive
• serves
• less, but better
• keep it simple

Question 16

Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye

Answer 16

• tool object
• a tool object is attuned to our movements and quick to respond to them
• the building as a tool object
• the house is a machine for living in