Module 31 Flashcards
memory
Memory
persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval of information
Recall
A measure of memory; where one must retrieve information learned earlier (ex. as on a fill-in-the-blank test)
Recognition
A measure of memory; where one identifies items previously learned (ex. as on a multiple-choice test)
Relearning
A measure of memory; assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again.
Encoding
getting information into the memory system (ex. extracting meaning)
Storage
process of retaining encoded information over time
Retrieval
process of getting information out of memory storage
Parallel processing
processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode for processing information
Sensory Memory
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
Short-term memory
activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten (ex. digits of a phone number while calling)
Long-term memory
relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Working memory
a newer understanding of short-term memory that adds conscious processing of incoming information, and information retrieved from long-term memory.
Explicit Memory
retention of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and “declare.” (Also called declarative memory.)
Implicit memory
retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection (aka nondeclarative memory)
Effortful processing
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
