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Government > Module 3-The Constitution > Flashcards

Module 3-The Constitution Flashcards

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1
Q

5 Freedoms of First Amendment

A

-Speech
-Religion
-Press
-Assembly
-Petition

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2
Q

6th Amendment

A

Right to fair and speedy trial

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3
Q

7th Amendment

A

Right to jury trial in civil casses

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4
Q

8th Amendment

A

No excessive fines or cruel/unusual punishment

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5
Q

18th Amendment

A

Prohibition or alcohol

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6
Q

21st Amendment

A

Repealed 18th (prohibition)

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7
Q

22nd Amendment

A

2 terms limit on presidency

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8
Q

26th Amendment

A

Lowered voting age from 21 to 18

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9
Q

10th Amendment

A

Any rights not given to federal government are given to the states and people.

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10
Q

25th Amendment

A

Lays down the rules for who becomes president if the president dies/resigns etc

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11
Q

27th Amendment

A

Congress cannot accept a pay raise until next term.

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12
Q

11th Amendment

A

Individual cannot sue a state in a federal court.

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13
Q

12th Amendment

A

Separate ballots for President and Vice
President

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14
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished Slavery
(Civil War)

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15
Q

14th Amendment

A

If you are born or naturalized in the U.S. then you are a citizen of the U.S.
(Civil War)

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16
Q

15th Amendment

A

You cannot prevent a person from voting
because of race, color, or creed.
(Civil War)

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17
Q

What was laid out in Federalist #51
(Written by James Madison)

A

Explains structure of govt to ensure that no 1 power takes over govt. (Checks + Balances)

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18
Q

What was laid out in Federalist #78
(Written by Alexander Hamilton)

A

Judicial Review/Independence

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19
Q

3 Reasons why the constitution establishes a bicameral legislature

A

Historical- The British Parliament had 2 houses
Practical- The Framers had to settle the fight between large and small states over representation
Theoretical- Each house could check each other to ensure one doesn’t take over

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20
Q

Bill of rights

A

First 10 amendments of constitution

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21
Q

5th Amendment

A

Protects criminal defendants from having to testify if they may incriminate themselves through the testimony

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22
Q

Article 5

A

States how the constitution can be amended

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23
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

The Constitution establishes a government based on the consent of the governed. The sovereign power is held not by a King or an aristocracy but by the American people.

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24
Q

4 Ways to Formally Amend Constitution

A

1
-Proposed by a 2/3 vote in Congress.
*Ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures.
2
-Proposed by a 2/3 vote in Congress.
~Ratified by conventions held in 3/4 of the states.
3
>Proposed at a national convention called by congress when requested by 2/3 of the states.
*Ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures.
4
>Proposed at a national convention called by congress when requested by 2/3 of the states.
~Ratified by conventions held in 3/4 of the states.

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25
Q

5 Ways to Informally Amend Constitution

A

-Passage of basic legislation(laws) by congress
-Executive Action
-Court Decisions
-Activities of political parties
-Custom/tradition

26
Q

Local (city) government gets their authority from __________________________

A

State governments

27
Q

McCulloh v Maryland

A

The court decided that the Federal Government had the right and power to set up a Federal bank and that states did not have the power to tax the Federal Government

28
Q

Bicameral Legislature

A

Made up of 2 houses (Legislative, Executive)

29
Q

Executive Article

A

Article 2 of constitution, established presidency

30
Q

Inferior courts

A

Lower federal courts under supreme court

31
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Power is in the hands of the people

32
Q

Limited govt

A

Says that no govt is all powerful, govt is given power by the people

33
Q

Constitutionalism

A

Govt must be conducted according to constitutional principles

34
Q

Rule of law

A

Govt and its officers are never above the law

35
Q

Checks and balances

A

Each branch has some powers that ensure no 1 branch takes over

36
Q

Judicial Review

A

Power of court to determine constitutionality of govt action

37
Q

Federalism

A

A system of govt with a constitution with division of powers among central govt and many regional govts

38
Q

Amendment

A

Changes to constitution

39
Q

Formal amendment

A

changes that become part of the constitution

40
Q

Executive agreement

A

Pact between president and head of another foreign state

41
Q

Treaty

A

formal agreement between 2 or more sovereign states

42
Q

Cabinet

A

Presidents advisory body

43
Q

Senatorial courtesy

A

Senates approval of presidential appointees

44
Q

Delegated powers

A

powers granted to the national govt

45
Q

Expressed powers

A

delegated powers of national govt that are spelled out in constitution

46
Q

Implied powers

A

delegated powers of national govt suggested by expressed powers

47
Q

Inherent powers

A

Powers the constitution is presumed to have delegated to national govt bc it is a sovereign state

48
Q

Reserved powers

A

powers the constitution doesn’t grant to national govt and doesn’t deny state

49
Q

Exclusive powers

A

powers exercised by national govt alone

50
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Powers that both national and state govt posesses and exercises

51
Q

Supremacy clause

A

Provision of constitution that states that it is the “supreme law of the land”

52
Q

Enabling act

A

an act directing the people of a territory to frame a proposed state in the constitution (NWO)

53
Q

Act of admission

A

An act creating a new state (NWO)

54
Q

Grants-in-Aid Program

A

Grant sof federal money or other resources to the states and other cities, counties, etc.

55
Q

Categorical grant

A

grants of federal money to states for airports, school lunches, etc. strings attached

56
Q

Block grants

A

Funds used for broad purposes. States decides how to spend

57
Q

Project grant

A

Funds used for individual projects. States compete for these grants

58
Q

Interstate compact

A

Agreements amount themselves and with foreign states

59
Q

Full faith and credit clause

A

Constitutions requirement that each state accepts the public acts, records, and judicial proceeding of other states

60
Q

Extraction

A

legal process by which a fugitive from justice in 1 state is returned to that state

61
Q

Privileges and immunities clause

A

Constitutions stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain priviledges and immunities, regardless of home state.

Government (5 decks)

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