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CMC(EINC) > [Module 3] Stages of Fetal Development > Flashcards

[Module 3] Stages of Fetal Development Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 stages of fetal development?

A

Preembryonic
Embryonic
Fetal

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2
Q

the stage of first 2 weeks, beginning with fertilization

A

Preembryonic stage

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3
Q

stafe of fetal development from weeks 3 through 8

A

Embryonic

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4
Q

Period of fetal development from week 8 through birth

A

Fetal

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5
Q

Refers from ovulation to fertilization

A

Ovum

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6
Q

Terms used that refers from fertilization to implantation

A

Zygote

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7
Q

Refers to the period of implantation to 5- 8 weeks

A

Embryo

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8
Q

Refers to the period from 5-8 weeks until term

A

Fetus

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9
Q

It refers to the developing embryo & placental structures throughout pregnancy

A

Conceptus

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10
Q

It is the earliest age at which fetuses survive if born is generally accepted as 24 weeks or at the point a fetus weighs more than 500-600 g

A

Age of Viability

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11
Q

physiologic removal of acrosome(cap) of the sperm

A

capacitation

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12
Q

final process that sperm must undergo to be ready for fertilization

A

capacitation

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13
Q

reaction that occurs in the acrosome of the sperm as it approaches the egg

A

Acrosome reaction

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14
Q

proteolytic enzyme released by the spermatozoa

A

Hyaluronidase

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15
Q

This enzyme acts to dissolve layers of cells protecting the ovum

A

Hyaluronidase

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16
Q

these are cells that encircle the zona pellucida

A

corona radiata

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17
Q

This is the protective covering of the ovum

A

Zona Pellicuda

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18
Q

refers to the action that the ovum becomes impenetrable to other sperm

A

zona reaction

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19
Q

fertilization is never a certain occurrence because it depends on at least three separate factors, what are these factors?

A

-Equal maturation of both sperm and ovum

-Ability of the sperm to reach the ovum

-Ability of the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida and cell membrane and achieve fertilization

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20
Q

what is the lifespan of the ovum?

A

24-48 hours

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21
Q

lifespan of the sperm is what?

A

48-72 hours

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22
Q

Pregnant women state that she waddles when she walks. What causes this?

A

Relaxation of the Pelvic Joints

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23
Q

group of physiological & behavioral manifestation experienced by the husband, often the result of stress anxiety & empathy for the pregnant women

A

Couvade Syndrome

24
Q

A hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells which allows the corpus luteum to continue its function after fertilization

A

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

25
Q

fingerlike projections that reach out from the trophoblast cells into the uterine endometrium to begin formation of the placenta.

A

Chorionic Villi

26
Q

These are the terms used when the blastocyst brushes against uterine endometrium, then attaches to indumentum, and finally settles down into soft folds of endometrium respectively.

A

Apposition, Adhesion, Invasion

27
Q

the process wherein the zygote burrows into the endometrium of the uterus

A

Implantation

28
Q

explain how implantation works.

A

-From zygote [takes 8-10 days after fertilization]
-Zygote migrates at 3-4 days to the body of the uterus
-Mitotic Cell Division Takes Place, from
[Cleavage]–[Blastomere]–[Morula]–[Blastocyst]–[Apposition]–[Adhesion]–[Invasion]

29
Q

How does the placenta come into existence?

A

It arises out of the trophoblast tissue (fusion of chorionic villi and decidua basalis

30
Q

is a connection between the umbilical vein & ascending vena cava, bypassing the fetal liver.

A

Ductus Venosus

31
Q

a connection between the pulmonary trunk & aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs.

A

Ductus Arteriosus

32
Q

is an opening between the right & left atria during fetal life, also bypassing the fetal lungs.

A

Foramen Ovale

33
Q

Hormone that maintains the endometrial lining for its growth reduce the contractility of the uterus during pregnancy, thus preventing premature labor.

A

Progesterone

34
Q

Hormone with both growth-promoting & w/ lactogenic properties (milk producing)
regulates maternal glucose, protein and fat levels to ensure adequate amount of these are always available to the fetus.

A

Estrogen

35
Q

What are the two parts of the amniotic membranes?

A

Chorion - outer part
Amnion - inner part

36
Q

dual-walled sac with the chorion as the outmost part and the amnion as the innermost part

A

The amniotic fluid

37
Q

formed from the fetal membranes, the amnion and chorion

A

The umbilical cord

38
Q

what is the normal length of the umbilical cord?

A

53 centimeters

39
Q

what does the umbilical cord contain(s)?

A

Arteries and Veins
Wharton’s Jelly
Amniotic Membrane
Rate of blood flow
Nerve supply

40
Q

insulate & protect umbilical cord in the womb

A

Wharton;s jelly

41
Q

respiratory & digestive tracts exist as a single tube in what week of life? when does it split?

when does the diaphragm is starting to divide the thoracic cavity from the abdomen?

is the time when the alveoli and capillaries begin to form surfactant - a lipoprotein produce by alveolar cells

A

3rd week, end of fourth week

7th week

between 24th to 28th week

42
Q

Term used for excessive saliva production. particularly present in gravida patients

A

ptyalism

43
Q

Term used for heartburn

A

pyrosis

44
Q

how much of an increase in heart rate do gravida patients experience?

A

10-15bpm

45
Q

Refers to the situation where the bladder cannot entirely or effectively empty during urination.

A

Urinary Stasis

46
Q

Refers to the presence of bacteria in the urine without any symptoms

A

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

47
Q

Refers to the term of excessive sweating, particularly in gravid patients

A

Diaphoresis

48
Q

During the first three months of pregnancy, what are the hormones that the corpus luteum

A

estrogen and progesterone

49
Q

Do pregnant women experience slight hypothyroidism and hypoplasia changes in their endocrine system?

A

No, they experience slight - - - - Hyperthyroidism, Hyperplasia

50
Q

This germ tissue develops into the CNS and PNS

A

Ectoderm

51
Q

This germ tissue develops into our skin, hair, nails, and tooth enamel

A

ectoderm

52
Q

where our sensory organs originated, as well as our mucous membranes of the anus, mouth and nose, and the mammary glands

A

ectoderm

53
Q

where our connective tissues, bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons originated

A

Mesoderm

54
Q

composes of the upper portion of the urinary system (kidneys & ureters) reproductive system, heart, lymph and circulatory system and blood cells

A

Mesoderm

55
Q

Where the:
lining of the pericardial, pleura, and peritoneal cavities, lining of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, tonsils, parathyroid, thyroid, and thymus glands
, and makes up the lower urinary system (bladder & urethra) originated.

A

Mesoderm

56
Q
A

CMC(EINC) (8 decks)

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