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Preliminary Chemistry > Module 3: Reactive Chemistry > Flashcards

Module 3: Reactive Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between a physical and a chemical reaction?

A

In a physical reaction there is no chemical change, however in a chemical change, intramolecular bonds are broken, rearranging atoms and molecules that form a new substance.

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2
Q

Is a physical or chemical reaction reversable?

A

Physical.

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3
Q

Digesting food is an example of a physical or chemical reaction?

A

chemical.

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4
Q

What is a separation technique used to separate physical reactions?

A

Filtration & distillation.

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5
Q

What is a separation technique used to separate chemical reactions?

A

decomposition & electrolysis

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6
Q

Name three different types of chemical reactions

A

Synthesis
Decomposition
Combustion
Precipitation
Neutralisation (acid + base)
Acid + carbonate
Acid on metal
Double displacement

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7
Q

What is a synthesis reaction?

A

When multiple chemicals to form a more complex product.
Eg. 2Ca + O2 → 2CaO

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8
Q

What type of reaction is this:
2H2O → 2H2 + O2
Where a compound is broken down into its elements.

A

A decomposition reaction

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9
Q

Explain the two different types of combustion.

A

Complete Combustion: carbon compound + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Incomplete Combustion: carbon compound + oxygen → carbon monoxide + carbon + water

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9
Q

What type of chemical reaction produces an insoluble substance.

A

Precipitation

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9
Q

What is a combustion reaction?

A

It is burning chemicals. It is a type of chemical reaction where new substances such as light and heat are produced.

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10
Q

What is the chemical reaction of neutralisation (acid + base)?

A

Acid + base → salt + water

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11
Q

What is an acid carbonate reaction?

A

acid + carbonate → salt + water + carbondioxide.

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12
Q

In an acid carbonate reaction what is being produced as the reaction is fizzing and bubbling?

A

carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What are the products when an acid reacts with a metal?

A

hydrogen gas + salt

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14
Q

When an acid reacts with a metal what is the test that proves hydrogen gas was produced?

A

‘the pop test’

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15
Q

What type of chemical reaction is this an example of:
potassium bromide + silver nitrate → potassium nitrate + silver bromide.

A

double displacement

16
Q

When Indigenous people are detoxifying foods what is the purpose of physical processes (include examples).

A

processes such as grating, grinding and pounding break the cell walls of food sources, allowing the toxins to be released.

17
Q

Name the different processes for detoxifying foods.

A

physical processes, solution, heating, drying, fermentation, absorption & changing the pH

18
Q

Give an example of a food aboriginal people must detoxify.

A

cycad palm macrozamia, bush tomato, black bean

19
Q

Going from left to right on the periodic table, the reactivity of metals increases. True or false.

A

false

20
Q

Why are Caesium & Francium the most reactive metals?

A

They have the largest atomic nuclei, are least electronegative and lose their valance electrons the easiest.

21
Q

What are the most reactive non-metals?

A

Fluorine & Chlorine

22
Q

What are the three types of reactions that aid in determining the relative reactivity of metals?

A

Metal + water reactions
Metal + dilute acids
Combustion (reactions with oxygen).

23
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons.

24
Q

When a species in a reaction loses electrons, it is reduced or oxidised?

A

oxidised

25
Q

Are metals or non-metals more likely to be reduced?

A

non-metals.

26
Q

What is the oxidation state/number?

A

It is the number assigned to an element that represents the electrons lost (if number positive) or electrons gained (if number negative)

27
Q

True or false, a more reactive metal will displace a less reaction metal from solution.

A

True

28
Q

Oxidation occurs at the…

A

anode

29
Q

Reduction occurs at the…

A

cathode

30
Q

What do the two beakers of a galvanic cell represent?

A

The two half equations in a metal displacement reaction. Each half solution contains an electrode in an electrolytic solution.

31
Q

True or false, a galvanic cell does not allow a spontaneous reaction.

A

false

32
Q

What is the salt bridge in a galvanic cell used for?

A

It provides electrical contact between the solutions to avoid build up of charges. (maintain electrical neutrality).

33
Q

What direction does the electrons flow?

A

From the anode (through the wire/conductor of an external circuit) to the cathode.

34
Q

What is the oxidation state/ number of:
Oxygen

A

-2

35
Q

What is the oxidation state/ number of:
Halogens

A

-1

36
Q

What is the oxidation state/ number of:
a whole molecule

A

0

37
Q

What is the oxidation state/ number of:
hydrogen

A

+1

38
Q

What is the oxidation state/ number of:
Polyatomic ions

A

their valancy

Preliminary Chemistry (4 decks)

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